On the Status of Object Concepts in Aphasia

While verbal comprehension is often impaired in aphasia due to left hemispheric damage, the status of nonverbal conceptual knowledge of objects remains controversial. We tested 16 aphasic subjects for their comprehension of concrete single words. Eight showed significant impairment on word-to-pictur...

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Published inBrain and language Vol. 58; no. 2; pp. 203 - 232
Main Authors Chertkow, Howard, Bub, Daniel, Deaudon, Christine, Whitehead, Victor
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published San Diego, CA Elsevier Inc 15.06.1997
Elsevier
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0093-934X
1090-2155
DOI10.1006/brln.1997.1771

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Abstract While verbal comprehension is often impaired in aphasia due to left hemispheric damage, the status of nonverbal conceptual knowledge of objects remains controversial. We tested 16 aphasic subjects for their comprehension of concrete single words. Eight showed significant impairment on word-to-picture matching, when distractors were semantically and not just perceptually confusable. These 8 also made errors in answering verbal probe questions concerning the same items. When tested on a nonverbal pictorial version of the same probe questions, however, 3 of these 8 improved their performance to the level of normal controls. The other 5 showed continuing impairment in indicating responses to pictorial probes. These 5 showed no evidence of generalized intellectual impairment, and it is concluded that they demonstrated a comprehension deficit not limited to the verbal domain. Unlike the other aphasic patients, these latter 5 also had CT scan lesions extending into the posterior left temporal lobe (involving Brodmann's areas 22, 21, and 37). They were also more impaired in terms of general aphasia severity. It is suggested that a nonverbal (as well as verbal) semantic memory deficit occurs in a subgroup of patients with single word comprehension disturbance due to aphasia, and this may reflect general severity of language impairment as well as damage to certain localized brain regions.
AbstractList An exploration of the extent to which aphasia affects conceptual knowledge beyond language (N = 16 native French speakers with aphasia due to left hemispheric cerebral infarction, aged 48-88). Several interpretations of the observed association between aphasic anomia & impaired matching of auditory words to pictures are considered. Subjects (Ss) were administered tasks from the categories of visual-perceptual processing, concrete single word auditory comprehension, verbal semantic processing, & nonverbal semantic & nonsemantic processing. Ss were divided into normal & low comprehension groups. Low comprehension Ss were found to perform normally on a word-to-picture matching task when distractors were perceptually confusable but semantically distinct. This performance was degraded by the use of progressively more semantically confusable distractors. Low comprehension Ss were further divided into subgroups on nonverbally preserved & nonverbally impaired Ss. Several interpretations of the verbal plus nonverbal deficit were examined. Computerized tomography results from nonverbally impaired Ss were compared to those of nonverbally preserved Ss & to other cases in the literature. 6 Tables, 2 Figures, 87 References. D. Taylor
While verbal comprehension is often impaired in aphasia due to left hemispheric damage, the status of nonverbal conceptual knowledge of objects remains controversial. We tested 16 aphasic subjects for their comprehension of concrete single words. Eight showed significant impairment on word-to-picture matching, when distractors were semantically and not just perceptually confusable. These 8 also made errors in answering verbal probe questions concerning the same items. When tested on a nonverbal pictorial version of the same probe questions, however, 3 of these 8 improved their performance to the level of normal controls. The other 5 showed continuing impairment in indicating responses to pictorial probes. These 5 showed no evidence of generalized intellectual impairment, and it is concluded that they demonstrated a comprehension deficit not limited to the verbal domain. Unlike the other aphasic patients, these latter 5 also had CT scan lesions extending into the posterior left temporal lobe (involving Brodmann's areas 22, 21, and 37). They were also more impaired in terms of general aphasia severity. It is suggested that a nonverbal (as well as verbal) semantic memory deficit occurs in a subgroup of patients with single word comprehension disturbance due to aphasia, and this may reflect general severity of language impairment as well as damage to certain localized brain regions.While verbal comprehension is often impaired in aphasia due to left hemispheric damage, the status of nonverbal conceptual knowledge of objects remains controversial. We tested 16 aphasic subjects for their comprehension of concrete single words. Eight showed significant impairment on word-to-picture matching, when distractors were semantically and not just perceptually confusable. These 8 also made errors in answering verbal probe questions concerning the same items. When tested on a nonverbal pictorial version of the same probe questions, however, 3 of these 8 improved their performance to the level of normal controls. The other 5 showed continuing impairment in indicating responses to pictorial probes. These 5 showed no evidence of generalized intellectual impairment, and it is concluded that they demonstrated a comprehension deficit not limited to the verbal domain. Unlike the other aphasic patients, these latter 5 also had CT scan lesions extending into the posterior left temporal lobe (involving Brodmann's areas 22, 21, and 37). They were also more impaired in terms of general aphasia severity. It is suggested that a nonverbal (as well as verbal) semantic memory deficit occurs in a subgroup of patients with single word comprehension disturbance due to aphasia, and this may reflect general severity of language impairment as well as damage to certain localized brain regions.
While verbal comprehension is often impaired in aphasia due to left hemispheric damage, the status of nonverbal conceptual knowledge of objects remains controversial. We tested 16 aphasic subjects for their comprehension of concrete single words. Eight showed significant impairment on word-to-picture matching, when distractors were semantically and not just perceptually confusable. These 8 also made errors in answering verbal probe questions concerning the same items. When tested on a nonverbal pictorial version of the same probe questions, however, 3 of these 8 improved their performance to the level of normal controls. The other 5 showed continuing impairment in indicating responses to pictorial probes. These 5 showed no evidence of generalized intellectual impairment, and it is concluded that they demonstrated a comprehension deficit not limited to the verbal domain. Unlike the other aphasic patients, these latter 5 also had CT scan lesions extending into the posterior left temporal lobe (involving Brodmann's areas 22, 21, and 37). They were also more impaired in terms of general aphasia severity. It is suggested that a nonverbal (as well as verbal) semantic memory deficit occurs in a subgroup of patients with single word comprehension disturbance due to aphasia, and this may reflect general severity of language impairment as well as damage to certain localized brain regions.
Author Chertkow, Howard
Bub, Daniel
Deaudon, Christine
Whitehead, Victor
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  givenname: Howard
  surname: Chertkow
  fullname: Chertkow, Howard
  organization: Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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  givenname: Daniel
  surname: Bub
  fullname: Bub, Daniel
  organization: University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
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  surname: Deaudon
  fullname: Deaudon, Christine
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  givenname: Victor
  surname: Whitehead
  fullname: Whitehead, Victor
  organization: Lady Davis Research Institute, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
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Issue 2
Keywords Human
Nervous system diseases
Verbal comprehension
Word
Cognitive disorder
Semantics
Central nervous system disease
Aphasia
Object
Neurological disorder
Language disorder
Cerebral disorder
Language English
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Snippet While verbal comprehension is often impaired in aphasia due to left hemispheric damage, the status of nonverbal conceptual knowledge of objects remains...
An exploration of the extent to which aphasia affects conceptual knowledge beyond language (N = 16 native French speakers with aphasia due to left hemispheric...
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StartPage 203
SubjectTerms Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Anomia - diagnosis
Anomia - physiopathology
Aphasia
Aphasia - diagnosis
Aphasia - physiopathology
Biological and medical sciences
Brain Damage
Brain Damage, Chronic - diagnosis
Brain Damage, Chronic - physiopathology
Brain Mapping
Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology
Concept Formation - physiology
Dominance, Cerebral - physiology
Female
French
Humans
Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis - diagnosis
Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis - physiopathology
Language and communication disorders
Male
Medical sciences
Mental Recall - physiology
Middle Aged
Neuropsychological Tests
Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Recognition
Semantics
Speech Perception
Visual Perception
Visual Stimulation
Title On the Status of Object Concepts in Aphasia
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/brln.1997.1771
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9182748
https://www.proquest.com/docview/79056563
https://www.proquest.com/docview/85638728
Volume 58
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