A New Method for Removal of Hydrogen Peroxide Interference in the Analysis of Chemical Oxygen Demand
Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in water. However, chemical oxygen demand, a common measure of gross residual organic contamination, is subject to interference from residual H2...
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| Published in | Environmental science & technology Vol. 46; no. 4; pp. 2291 - 2298 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Washington, DC
American Chemical Society
21.02.2012
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0013-936X 1520-5851 1520-5851 |
| DOI | 10.1021/es204250k |
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| Abstract | Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in water. However, chemical oxygen demand, a common measure of gross residual organic contamination, is subject to interference from residual H2O2 in the treated water. A new method, involving catalytic decomposition of H2O2 with addition of heat and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), is proposed in this work to address this problem. The method is demonstrated experimentally, and modeled kinetically. Results for 5 mM H2O2 in deionized (DI) water included reduction to below the COD detection limit after 60 min heating (90◦C) with addition of 20 g/L Na2CO3 concentrated solution, whereas 900 min were required in treated municipal wastewater. An approximate second order rate constant of 11.331 M–1·min–1 at Na2CO3 dosage of 20 g/L was found for the tested wastewater. However, kinetic modeling indicated a two-step reaction mechanism, with formation of peroxocarbonate (CO4 2‑) and ultimate decomposition to H2O and O2 in pure H2O2 solution. A similar mechanism is apparent in wastewater at high catalyst concentrations, whereas at low Na2CO3 addition rates, the catalytic effects of other constituents appear important. |
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| AbstractList | Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in water. However, chemical oxygen demand, a common measure of gross residual organic contamination, is subject to interference from residual H2O2 in the treated water. A new method, involving catalytic decomposition of H2O2 with addition of heat and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), is proposed in this work to address this problem. The method is demonstrated experimentally, and modeled kinetically. Results for 5 mM H2O2 in deionized (DI) water included reduction to below the COD detection limit after 60 min heating (90◦C) with addition of 20 g/L Na2CO3 concentrated solution, whereas 900 min were required in treated municipal wastewater. An approximate second order rate constant of 11.331 M–1·min–1 at Na2CO3 dosage of 20 g/L was found for the tested wastewater. However, kinetic modeling indicated a two-step reaction mechanism, with formation of peroxocarbonate (CO4 2‑) and ultimate decomposition to H2O and O2 in pure H2O2 solution. A similar mechanism is apparent in wastewater at high catalyst concentrations, whereas at low Na2CO3 addition rates, the catalytic effects of other constituents appear important. Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in water. However, chemical oxygen demand, a common measure of gross residual organic contamination, is subject to interference from residual H(2)O(2) in the treated water. A new method, involving catalytic decomposition of H(2)O(2) with addition of heat and sodium carbonate (Na(2)CO(3)), is proposed in this work to address this problem. The method is demonstrated experimentally, and modeled kinetically. Results for 5 mM H(2)O(2) in deionized (DI) water included reduction to below the COD detection limit after 60 min heating (90(◦)C) with addition of 20 g/L Na(2)CO(3) concentrated solution, whereas 900 min were required in treated municipal wastewater. An approximate second order rate constant of 11.331 M(-1)·min(-1) at Na(2)CO(3) dosage of 20 g/L was found for the tested wastewater. However, kinetic modeling indicated a two-step reaction mechanism, with formation of peroxocarbonate (CO(4)(2-)) and ultimate decomposition to H(2)O and O(2) in pure H(2)O(2) solution. A similar mechanism is apparent in wastewater at high catalyst concentrations, whereas at low Na(2)CO(3) addition rates, the catalytic effects of other constituents appear important.Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in water. However, chemical oxygen demand, a common measure of gross residual organic contamination, is subject to interference from residual H(2)O(2) in the treated water. A new method, involving catalytic decomposition of H(2)O(2) with addition of heat and sodium carbonate (Na(2)CO(3)), is proposed in this work to address this problem. The method is demonstrated experimentally, and modeled kinetically. Results for 5 mM H(2)O(2) in deionized (DI) water included reduction to below the COD detection limit after 60 min heating (90(◦)C) with addition of 20 g/L Na(2)CO(3) concentrated solution, whereas 900 min were required in treated municipal wastewater. An approximate second order rate constant of 11.331 M(-1)·min(-1) at Na(2)CO(3) dosage of 20 g/L was found for the tested wastewater. However, kinetic modeling indicated a two-step reaction mechanism, with formation of peroxocarbonate (CO(4)(2-)) and ultimate decomposition to H(2)O and O(2) in pure H(2)O(2) solution. A similar mechanism is apparent in wastewater at high catalyst concentrations, whereas at low Na(2)CO(3) addition rates, the catalytic effects of other constituents appear important. Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in water. However, chemical oxygen demand, a common measure of gross residual organic contamination, is subject to interference from residual H(2)O(2) in the treated water. A new method, involving catalytic decomposition of H(2)O(2) with addition of heat and sodium carbonate (Na(2)CO(3)), is proposed in this work to address this problem. The method is demonstrated experimentally, and modeled kinetically. Results for 5 mM H(2)O(2) in deionized (DI) water included reduction to below the COD detection limit after 60 min heating (90(◦)C) with addition of 20 g/L Na(2)CO(3) concentrated solution, whereas 900 min were required in treated municipal wastewater. An approximate second order rate constant of 11.331 M(-1)·min(-1) at Na(2)CO(3) dosage of 20 g/L was found for the tested wastewater. However, kinetic modeling indicated a two-step reaction mechanism, with formation of peroxocarbonate (CO(4)(2-)) and ultimate decomposition to H(2)O and O(2) in pure H(2)O(2) solution. A similar mechanism is apparent in wastewater at high catalyst concentrations, whereas at low Na(2)CO(3) addition rates, the catalytic effects of other constituents appear important. Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in water. However, chemical oxygen demand, a common measure of gross residual organic contamination, is subject to interference from residual H₂O₂ in the treated water. A new method, involving catalytic decomposition of H₂O₂ with addition of heat and sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), is proposed in this work to address this problem. The method is demonstrated experimentally, and modeled kinetically. Results for 5 mM H₂O₂ in deionized (DI) water included reduction to below the COD detection limit after 60 min heating (90◦C) with addition of 20 g/L Na₂CO₃ concentrated solution, whereas 900 min were required in treated municipal wastewater. An approximate second order rate constant of 11.331 M–¹·min–¹ at Na₂CO₃ dosage of 20 g/L was found for the tested wastewater. However, kinetic modeling indicated a two-step reaction mechanism, with formation of peroxocarbonate (CO₄²⁻) and ultimate decomposition to H₂O and O₂ in pure H₂O₂ solution. A similar mechanism is apparent in wastewater at high catalyst concentrations, whereas at low Na₂CO₃ addition rates, the catalytic effects of other constituents appear important. Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (...) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in water. However, chemical oxygen demand, a common measure of gross residual organic contamination, is subject to interference from residual ... in the treated water. A new method, involving catalytic decomposition of ... with addition of heat and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), is proposed in this work to address this problem. The method is demonstrated experimentally, and modeled kinetically. Results for 5 mM ... in deionized (DI) water included reduction to below the COD detection limit after 60 min heating (90...C) with addition of 20 g/L ... concentrated solution, whereas 900 min were required in treated municipal wastewater. An approximate second order rate constant of 11.331 M...-min... at ... dosage of 20 g/L was found for the tested wastewater. However, kinetic modeling indicated a two-step reaction mechanism, with formation of peroxocarbonate (...) and ultimate decomposition to H2O and O2 in pure ... solution. A similar mechanism is apparent in wastewater at high catalyst concentrations, whereas at low ... addition rates, the catalytic effects of other constituents appear important. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae/symbols omitted.) |
| Author | Wu, Tingting Englehardt, James D |
| AuthorAffiliation | Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering University of Miami |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: University of Miami – name: Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Tingting surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Tingting email: tingtingwu@miami.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: James D surname: Englehardt fullname: Englehardt, James D |
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| Keywords | Advanced oxidation processes Water treatment Catalytic reaction Chemical analysis Hydrogen peroxide Pollutant behavior Interference Chemical degradation Chemical oxygen demand Water quality Physicochemical purification Oxidation Measurement method Waste water purification |
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| Snippet | Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in... Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants... Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (...) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in... Many advanced oxidation processes involve addition of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) with the aim of generating hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic contaminants in... |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis Carbonates - chemistry catalysts Chemical oxygen demand Decomposition detection limit Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination Exact sciences and technology General purification processes heat Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen Peroxide - analysis Hydrogen Peroxide - chemistry hydroxyl radicals municipal wastewater Organic contaminants Oxidation oxygen Pollution sodium carbonate superoxide anion Waste Disposal, Fluid Wastewaters Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry water pollution Water Purification Water treatment and pollution |
| Title | A New Method for Removal of Hydrogen Peroxide Interference in the Analysis of Chemical Oxygen Demand |
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