Candidalysin biology and activation of host cells

is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major breakthrough in understanding pathogenicity was the discovery of candidalysin, the first cytolytic peptide toxin identified in a human pathogenic fungus. Secreted by hy...

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Published inmBio Vol. 16; no. 6; p. e0060324
Main Authors Lortal, Léa, Lyon, Claire M., Sprague, Jakob L., Sonnberger, Johannes, Paulin, Olivia K. A., Wickramasinghe, Don N., Richardson, Jonathan P., Hube, Bernhard, Naglik, Julian R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society for Microbiology 11.06.2025
Subjects
Animals
Candida albicans
Candida albicans - genetics
Candida albicans - immunology
Candida albicans - metabolism
Candida albicans - pathogenicity
candidalysin
Candidiasis - immunology
Candidiasis - microbiology
Epithelial Cells - immunology
Epithelial Cells - microbiology
fungal infection
Fungal Proteins - genetics
Fungal Proteins - immunology
Fungal Proteins - metabolism
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
immune mechanisms
Immunity, Innate
Macrophages - immunology
Macrophages - microbiology
Minireview
Mycology
Neutrophils - immunology
Neutrophils - microbiology
toxins
Candida albicans
fungal infection
candidalysin
immune mechanisms
toxins
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2150-7511
2150-7511
DOI10.1128/mbio.00603-24

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Abstract is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major breakthrough in understanding pathogenicity was the discovery of candidalysin, the first cytolytic peptide toxin identified in a human pathogenic fungus. Secreted by hyphae and encoded by the gene, this 31-amino acid peptide integrates into and permeabilizes host cell membranes, causing damage across diverse cell types. Beyond its cytolytic activity, candidalysin can trigger potent innate immune responses in epithelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Additionally, candidalysin plays a key role in nutrient acquisition during infection. This review explores the biology of candidalysin, its role in host cell activation, and extends the discussion to non-candidalysin Ece1p peptides, shedding light on their emerging significance.
AbstractList Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major breakthrough in understanding C. albicans pathogenicity was the discovery of candidalysin, the first cytolytic peptide toxin identified in a human pathogenic fungus. Secreted by C. albicans hyphae and encoded by the ECE1 gene, this 31-amino acid peptide integrates into and permeabilizes host cell membranes, causing damage across diverse cell types. Beyond its cytolytic activity, candidalysin can trigger potent innate immune responses in epithelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Additionally, candidalysin plays a key role in nutrient acquisition during infection. This review explores the biology of candidalysin, its role in host cell activation, and extends the discussion to non-candidalysin Ece1p peptides, shedding light on their emerging significance.
ABSTRACT Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major breakthrough in understanding C. albicans pathogenicity was the discovery of candidalysin, the first cytolytic peptide toxin identified in a human pathogenic fungus. Secreted by C. albicans hyphae and encoded by the ECE1 gene, this 31-amino acid peptide integrates into and permeabilizes host cell membranes, causing damage across diverse cell types. Beyond its cytolytic activity, candidalysin can trigger potent innate immune responses in epithelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Additionally, candidalysin plays a key role in nutrient acquisition during infection. This review explores the biology of candidalysin, its role in host cell activation, and extends the discussion to non-candidalysin Ece1p peptides, shedding light on their emerging significance.
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major breakthrough in understanding C. albicans pathogenicity was the discovery of candidalysin, the first cytolytic peptide toxin identified in a human pathogenic fungus. Secreted by C. albicans hyphae and encoded by the ECE1 gene, this 31-amino acid peptide integrates into and permeabilizes host cell membranes, causing damage across diverse cell types. Beyond its cytolytic activity, candidalysin can trigger potent innate immune responses in epithelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Additionally, candidalysin plays a key role in nutrient acquisition during infection. This review explores the biology of candidalysin, its role in host cell activation, and extends the discussion to non-candidalysin Ece1p peptides, shedding light on their emerging significance.Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major breakthrough in understanding C. albicans pathogenicity was the discovery of candidalysin, the first cytolytic peptide toxin identified in a human pathogenic fungus. Secreted by C. albicans hyphae and encoded by the ECE1 gene, this 31-amino acid peptide integrates into and permeabilizes host cell membranes, causing damage across diverse cell types. Beyond its cytolytic activity, candidalysin can trigger potent innate immune responses in epithelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Additionally, candidalysin plays a key role in nutrient acquisition during infection. This review explores the biology of candidalysin, its role in host cell activation, and extends the discussion to non-candidalysin Ece1p peptides, shedding light on their emerging significance.
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major breakthrough in understanding C. albicans pathogenicity was the discovery of candidalysin, the first cytolytic peptide toxin identified in a human pathogenic fungus. Secreted by C. albicans hyphae and encoded by the ECE1 gene, this 31-amino acid peptide integrates into and permeabilizes host cell membranes, causing damage across diverse cell types. Beyond its cytolytic activity, candidalysin can trigger potent innate immune responses in epithelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Additionally, candidalysin plays a key role in nutrient acquisition during infection. This review explores the biology of candidalysin, its role in host cell activation, and extends the discussion to non-candidalysin Ece1p peptides, shedding light on their emerging significance.
is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major breakthrough in understanding pathogenicity was the discovery of candidalysin, the first cytolytic peptide toxin identified in a human pathogenic fungus. Secreted by hyphae and encoded by the gene, this 31-amino acid peptide integrates into and permeabilizes host cell membranes, causing damage across diverse cell types. Beyond its cytolytic activity, candidalysin can trigger potent innate immune responses in epithelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Additionally, candidalysin plays a key role in nutrient acquisition during infection. This review explores the biology of candidalysin, its role in host cell activation, and extends the discussion to non-candidalysin Ece1p peptides, shedding light on their emerging significance.
Author Sonnberger, Johannes
Lortal, Léa
Lyon, Claire M.
Richardson, Jonathan P.
Wickramasinghe, Don N.
Hube, Bernhard
Paulin, Olivia K. A.
Naglik, Julian R.
Sprague, Jakob L.
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  surname: Lyon
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  givenname: Jakob L.
  surname: Sprague
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  givenname: Johannes
  surname: Sonnberger
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– sequence: 5
  givenname: Olivia K. A.
  surname: Paulin
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  givenname: Don N.
  surname: Wickramasinghe
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  orcidid: 0000-0002-8072-7917
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  fullname: Naglik, Julian R.
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Issue 6
Keywords Candida albicans
fungal infection
candidalysin
immune mechanisms
toxins
Language English
License This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Snippet is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major breakthrough in...
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major...
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major...
ABSTRACT Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections and distressing mucosal infections. A major...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Candida albicans
Candida albicans - genetics
Candida albicans - immunology
Candida albicans - metabolism
Candida albicans - pathogenicity
candidalysin
Candidiasis - immunology
Candidiasis - microbiology
Epithelial Cells - immunology
Epithelial Cells - microbiology
fungal infection
Fungal Proteins - genetics
Fungal Proteins - immunology
Fungal Proteins - metabolism
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
immune mechanisms
Immunity, Innate
Macrophages - immunology
Macrophages - microbiology
Minireview
Mycology
Neutrophils - immunology
Neutrophils - microbiology
toxins
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Title Candidalysin biology and activation of host cells
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