Free Space Optical Communication System Design, Modeling, Characterization and Dealing with Turbulence
Recent progress in ICT has exceeded our expectations for meeting the requirement of multimedia society in the 21st century. The FSOC is considered to be one of the key technologies for realizing very high speed multi GbPs large-capacity terrestrial and aerospace communications. In FSOC, the optical...
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| Main Author | |
|---|---|
| Format | eBook Book |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Germany
De Gruyter
2015
Walter de Gruyter Walter de Gruyter GmbH De Gruyter Oldenbourg |
| Edition | 1 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISBN | 3110452618 9783110452617 9783110449952 3110449951 9783110450163 311045016X |
| DOI | 10.1515/9783110452617 |
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| Abstract | Recent progress in ICT has exceeded our expectations for meeting the requirement of multimedia society in the 21st century. The FSOC is considered to be one of the key technologies for realizing very high speed multi GbPs large-capacity terrestrial and aerospace communications. In FSOC, the optical beam propagation in the turbulent atmosphere is severely affected by various factors suspended in the channel. Wavefront aberration correcting with continuous beam alignment are the key requirements for a successful installation of an FSOC system which are the main contributions in our book.
Establishment of FSOC setups, development of accurate weather station, measurement of atmospheric attenuation (Att) and turbulence strength (Cn2), development of new models to predict the Att and Cn2, design of Response Surface Model and Artificial Neural Network based on controller, implementation of neural-controller in FPGA and attaining the BER of 6.4x10^-9 during different outdoor environments. All the original contributions, newness, findings and experimental results etc., are reported in the book. Subject of work; Wireless Optical Communication.
The content of the book can be referred by various application designers and/or academicians for working on FSOC transceiver design, laser cutting, laser metrology, laser surgery, beam focusing & pointing, beacon positioning and coupling etc. Further, all necessary MATLAB and VHDL codes are also given on appropriate pages for the readers' quick/ clear understanding. |
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| AbstractList | This book focuses on experimental modeling of atmospheric turbulence effects and mitigation of beam wandering and wavefront distortions in terrestrial free space optical communication (FSOC). This means, developing a reliable FSOC system with a necessary optoelectronic assembly to compensate the atmospheric turbulence effects, so as to practically attain the acceptable BER under any real-world open atmospheric turbulence conditions. Recent progress in ICT has exceeded our expectations for meeting the requirement of multimedia society in the 21st century.The FSOC is considered to be one of the key technologies for realizing very high speed multi GbPs large-capacity terrestrial and aerospace communications. Recent progress in ICT has exceeded our expectations for meeting the requirement of multimedia society in the 21st century. The FSOC is considered to be one of the key technologies for realizing very high speed multi GbPs large-capacity terrestrial and aerospace communications. In FSOC, the optical beam propagation in the turbulent atmosphere is severely affected by various factors suspended in the channel. Wavefront aberration correcting with continuous beam alignment are the key requirements for a successful installation of an FSOC system which are the main contributions in our book. Establishment of FSOC setups, development of accurate weather station, measurement of atmospheric attenuation (Att) and turbulence strength (Cn2), development of new models to predict the Att and Cn2, design of Response Surface Model and Artificial Neural Network based on controller, implementation of neural-controller in FPGA and attaining the BER of 6.4x10^-9 during different outdoor environments. All the original contributions, newness, findings and experimental results etc., are reported in the book. Subject of work; Wireless Optical Communication. The content of the book can be referred by various application designers and/or academicians for working on FSOC transceiver design, laser cutting, laser metrology, laser surgery, beam focusing & pointing, beacon positioning and coupling etc. Further, all necessary MATLAB and VHDL codes are also given on appropriate pages for the readers' quick/ clear understanding. Recent progress in ICT has exceeded our expectations for meeting the requirement of multimedia society in the 21st century. The FSOC is considered to be one of the key technologies for realizing very high speed multi GbPs large-capacity terrestrial and aerospace communications. In FSOC, the optical beam propagation in the turbulent atmosphere is severely affected by various factors suspended in the channel. Wavefront aberration correcting with continuous beam alignment are the key requirements for a successful installation of an FSOC system which are the main contributions in our book. Establishment of FSOC setups, development of accurate weather station, measurement of atmospheric attenuation (Att) and turbulence strength (Cn2), development of new models to predict the Att and Cn2, design of Response Surface Model and Artificial Neural Network based on controller, implementation of neural-controller in FPGA and attaining the BER of 6.4x10^-9 during different outdoor environments. All the original contributions, newness, findings and experimental results etc., are reported in the book. Subject of work; Wireless Optical Communication. The content of the book can be referred by various application designers and/or academicians for working on FSOC transceiver design, laser cutting, laser metrology, laser surgery, beam focusing & pointing, beacon positioning and coupling etc. Further, all necessary MATLAB and VHDL codes are also given on appropriate pages for the readers' quick/ clear understanding. |
| Author | Raj, A. Arockia Bazil |
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| Notes | Includes bibliographical references (pages 183-199) and index |
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| PageCount | 234 pages |
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| Snippet | Recent progress in ICT has exceeded our expectations for meeting the requirement of multimedia society in the 21st century. The FSOC is considered to be one of... Recent progress in ICT has exceeded our expectations for meeting the requirement of multimedia society in the 21st century.The FSOC is considered to be one of... This book focuses on experimental modeling of atmospheric turbulence effects and mitigation of beam wandering and wavefront distortions in terrestrial free... |
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| SubjectTerms | Free space optical interconnects Military & nautical engineering Optical communications SCIENCE / Physics / Optics & Light TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING Technology & Engineering / Electrical Technology & Engineering / Electronics / General Technology & Engineering / Engineering (General) |
| Subtitle | System Design, Modeling, Characterization and Dealing with Turbulence |
| TableOfContents | Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- List of symbols and abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Research motivation -- 1.3 Characteristics of FSOC -- 1.3.1 Directionality of the light beam -- 1.3.2 Form factors, i.e. size and power per bit -- 1.3.3 Ability to be operated license-free worldwide and quick installation -- 1.3.4 Wavelength selection criteria -- 1.3.5 Challenges and limitations -- 1.4 Applications and advantages -- 1.5 Research objectives -- 1.6 Original contributions - newness and achievements -- 1.7 Thesis organization -- 2 Real-time measurement of meteorological parameters for estimating low altitude atmospheric turbulence strength (C2n ) -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Background and related works -- 2.3 Field test experimental setup and measurement protocol -- 2.4 Sensor interfacing architectures and data acquisition protocols -- 2.4.1 Wind speed measurement - cup anemometer -- 2.4.2 Relative humidity and temperature measurement - SHT11 Sensor -- 2.4.3 Absolute pressure measurement - SCP1000-D01 sensor -- 2.5 Communication protocol and frame format -- 2.6 Performance calibration of the proposed measurement system -- 2.7 Atmospheric turbulence strength (C2n) estimation -- 2.8 Experimental results and discussions -- 2.8.1 Data for 28th December 2012, winter -- 2.8.2 Data for 5th March 2013, presummer -- 2.8.3 Data for 17th May 2013, summer -- 2.8.4 Data for 13th June 2013, monsoon -- 2.8.5 Data for 16th November 2013, rainy -- 2.9Advantages -- 2.10 Summary -- 3 Comparison of different models for ground-level atmospheric attenuation and turbulence strength (C2n) prediction with new models according to local weather data for FSO applications -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Background and related works -- 3.3 Experimental setup and description of optoelectronic assembly 5.5.6 Multiply-Accumulator unit (MAC) -- 5.5.7 Serial communication manager -- 5.6 Experimental results and discussion -- 5.6.1 Control schemes validation and evaluation in open loop decision-making -- 5.6.2 Performance study of closed loop experiment with intensity feedback control -- 5.6.3 Analysis of beam spot auto alignment and reduction of wandering -- 5.6.4 Behavioral study of effective scintillation index and impulse response -- 5.7 Summary -- 6 Quality metrics and reliability analysis of ground-to-ground free space laser communication in different weather conditions together with beam steering system -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Background and related works -- 6.3 Theory and numerical technique for channel effect and BER evaluation -- 6.4 Simplex data transmission experimental setup and its description -- 6.5 Experimental results and data analysis -- 6.5.1 Comparative evaluation of received signal statistics -- 6.5.2 Impact validation of beam wandering compensation system -- 6.5.3 Quantitative analysis of atmospheric turbulence effects on communication parameters - improvement and reliability -- 6.6 Summary -- 7 Conclusions and future work -- 7.1 Conclusions -- 7.2 Future work -- References -- Index 3.4 Comparison models of atmospheric influence on optical propagation -- 3.4.1 Atmospheric attenuation -- 3.4.2 Atmospheric optical turbulence strength -- 3.5 Formulation of the mathematical model -- 3.5.1 Atmospheric attenuation -- 3.5.2 Atmospheric turbulence strength (C2n) from meteorological measurements -- 3.6 Experimental results and data analysis -- 3.6.1 Comparison of the predicted attenuation data with measured values -- 3.6.2 Comparison of predicted C2n data with measured values -- 3.7 Summary -- 4 Mitigation of beam wandering due to atmospheric turbulence and prediction of control quality using intelligent decision making tools -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Background and related works -- 4.3 FSO link - optoelectronic assembly and setup description -- 4.4 Steady state response analysis -- 4.4.1 Optoelectronic position detector -- 4.4.2 Piezo driving amplifier -- 4.4.3 Piezoelectric actuators -- 4.5 Development of response surface models -- 4.6 Development of the neural network model -- 4.7 Experimental results and discussion -- 4.7.1 Verification and validation of RSM and neural-controller model -- 4.7.2 Behavioral study of neural-controller in beam alignment -- 4.7.3 Analysis of receiver signal quality improvement -- 4.8 Summary -- 5 Low power and compact RSM and neural-controller design for beam wandering mitigation with a horizontal-path propagating Gaussian-beam wave: focused beam case -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Background and related works -- 5.3 Experimental plant configuration and centroid error computation -- 5.4 Formulation and implementation of direct controller -- 5.5 Hardware architecture and implementation of the neural-controller -- 5.5.1 Clock manager unit -- 5.5.2 Signal digitization and data preprocessing unit -- 5.5.3 Weight and bias memory management circuit -- 5.5.4 Neuron unit -- 5.5.5 Data Routing Ring Circuit (DRRC) 2. Real-time measurement of meteorological parameters for estimating low altitude atmospheric turbulence strength (C2 n) 3. Comparison of different models for ground-level atmospheric attenuation and turbulence strength (C2 n) prediction with new models according to local weather data for FSO applications 6. Quality metrics and reliability analysis of ground-to-ground free space laser communication in different weather conditions together with beam steering system Index - / Contents 5. Low power and compact RSM and neural-controller design for beam wandering mitigation with a horizontal-path propagating Gaussian-beam wave: focused beam case List of Tables References 1. Introduction Frontmatter -- 7. Conclusions and future work List of Figures Preface List of symbols and abbreviations 4. Mitigation of beam wandering due to atmospheric turbulence and prediction of control quality using intelligent decision making tools |
| Title | Free Space Optical Communication |
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