Investigation of impact dynamics of roof bolting with passive friction control

In this paper, the impact dynamics of rock bolt with passive friction control is modeled. Numerical investigations are performed for the bolts with frictional energy absorber under various dynamic loads. The results are compared with those from fully grouted rigid bolts. The studies indicate that wi...

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Published in	International journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences (Oxford, England : 1997) Vol. 70; pp. 559 - 568
Main Authors	Chen, Liangbiao, Sheng, Gang, Chen, Gang
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2014 Elsevier
Subjects	Applied sciences Bolts Building structure Buildings. Public works Construction (buildings and works) Dynamic load Dynamic tests Dynamical systems Dynamics Exact sciences and technology Frictional energy absorber Geotechnics Loads (forces) Rock Rock bolt Rock bolts Sliding Stabilization. Consolidation Stresses. Safety Structural analysis. Stresses Underground openings Underground structure Underground openings Frictional energy absorber Rock bolt Dynamic load Nonlinear analysis Impact study Passive system Modeling Numerical analysis Friction Underground construction Blast wave Energy absorption Rock bolting Seismic load
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ISSN	1365-1609 1873-4545
DOI	10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.06.003

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Abstract	In this paper, the impact dynamics of rock bolt with passive friction control is modeled. Numerical investigations are performed for the bolts with frictional energy absorber under various dynamic loads. The results are compared with those from fully grouted rigid bolts. The studies indicate that without the frictional energy absorber, the bolts are highly susceptible to failure under dynamic impact loads, while the bolts with the fictional energy absorber significantly reduce this risk. The studies also reveal that the bolt sliding may occur at the combined effect of vibration frequency and velocity magnitude. Sliding will only initiate above certain threshold value defined by vibration frequency and velocity magnitude. Furthermore, the simulation results show that under certain impact forces when rock mass subject to only elastic deformation, bolt sliding may occur causing the detachment of bolt head and rock face, which may incapacitate the rock bolt in supporting the rock excavation. The investigation signifies that further development and appropriate design of the rock bolt system with a frictional energy absorber are critical in maintaining stability under dynamic loading. •Developed a non-linear model for modeling yieldable rock bolt (Roofex).•Established a conceptual mechanism of bolt yielding and validated it by laboratory data.•Investigated the effects of ground vibrating frequency and velocity on bolt behavior.•Identified a potential problem due to a gap between the rock surface and bolt plate.
AbstractList	In this paper, the impact dynamics of rock bolt with passive friction control is modeled. Numerical investigations are performed for the bolts with frictional energy absorber under various dynamic loads. The results are compared with those from fully grouted rigid bolts. The studies indicate that without the frictional energy absorber, the bolts are highly susceptible to failure under dynamic impact loads, while the bolts with the fictional energy absorber significantly reduce this risk. The studies also reveal that the bolt sliding may occur at the combined effect of vibration frequency and velocity magnitude. Sliding will only initiate above certain threshold value defined by vibration frequency and velocity magnitude. Furthermore, the simulation results show that under certain impact forces when rock mass subject to only elastic deformation, bolt sliding may occur causing the detachment of bolt head and rock face, which may incapacitate the rock bolt in supporting the rock excavation. The investigation signifies that further development and appropriate design of the rock bolt system with a frictional energy absorber are critical in maintaining stability under dynamic loading. •Developed a non-linear model for modeling yieldable rock bolt (Roofex).•Established a conceptual mechanism of bolt yielding and validated it by laboratory data.•Investigated the effects of ground vibrating frequency and velocity on bolt behavior.•Identified a potential problem due to a gap between the rock surface and bolt plate. In this paper, the impact dynamics of rock bolt with passive friction control is modeled. Numerical investigations are performed for the bolts with frictional energy absorber under various dynamic loads. The results are compared with those from fully grouted rigid bolts. The studies indicate that without the frictional energy absorber, the bolts are highly susceptible to failure under dynamic impact loads, while the bolts with the fictional energy absorber significantly reduce this risk. The studies also reveal that the bolt sliding may occur at the combined effect of vibration frequency and velocity magnitude. Sliding will only initiate above certain threshold value defined by vibration frequency and velocity magnitude. Furthermore, the simulation results show that under certain impact forces when rock mass subject to only elastic deformation, bolt sliding may occur causing the detachment of bolt head and rock face, which may incapacitate the rock bolt in supporting the rock excavation. The investigation signifies that further development and appropriate design of the rock bolt system with a frictional energy absorber are critical in maintaining stability under dynamic loading.
Author	Sheng, Gang Chen, Liangbiao Chen, Gang
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Liangbiao surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Liangbiao organization: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Gang surname: Sheng fullname: Sheng, Gang organization: College of IT & Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25703, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Gang surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Gang organization: Department of Mining & Geological Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
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Keywords	Underground openings Frictional energy absorber Rock bolt Dynamic load Nonlinear analysis Impact study Passive system Modeling Numerical analysis Friction Underground construction Blast wave Energy absorption Rock bolting Seismic load
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SubjectTerms	Applied sciences Bolts Building structure Buildings. Public works Construction (buildings and works) Dynamic load Dynamic tests Dynamical systems Dynamics Exact sciences and technology Frictional energy absorber Geotechnics Loads (forces) Rock Rock bolt Rock bolts Sliding Stabilization. Consolidation Stresses. Safety Structural analysis. Stresses Underground openings Underground structure
Title	Investigation of impact dynamics of roof bolting with passive friction control
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