n-3系多価不飽和脂肪酸の摂取基準の考え方
日本人のn-3系多価不飽和脂肪酸 (以下n-3系脂肪酸と略す) の摂取基準策定 (2005年版) に用いた論文をエビデンステーブル (表) として提示し, 策定の基本的な考え方を詳しく述べた。n-3系脂肪酸は一定量以下のある摂取量で皮膚炎, 成長障害が認められる必須脂肪酸であるので, 下限の設定 (最低必要量) が必要である。しかし, 報告症例が少なく, 一定量以下のある摂取量を求めることができないため, 摂取量の中央値で表される目安量を用いた。すなわち, 大部分の日本人では皮膚炎は認められていないので, 日本人の各年齢階層における男女別にみたn-3系脂肪酸摂取量の中央値を日本人の大多数で欠乏...
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| Published in | Nihon Eiyō, Shokuryō Gakkai shi Vol. 59; no. 2; pp. 123 - 158 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
公益社団法人 日本栄養・食糧学会
2006
日本栄養・食糧学会 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0287-3516 1883-2849 |
| DOI | 10.4327/jsnfs.59.123 |
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| Abstract | 日本人のn-3系多価不飽和脂肪酸 (以下n-3系脂肪酸と略す) の摂取基準策定 (2005年版) に用いた論文をエビデンステーブル (表) として提示し, 策定の基本的な考え方を詳しく述べた。n-3系脂肪酸は一定量以下のある摂取量で皮膚炎, 成長障害が認められる必須脂肪酸であるので, 下限の設定 (最低必要量) が必要である。しかし, 報告症例が少なく, 一定量以下のある摂取量を求めることができないため, 摂取量の中央値で表される目安量を用いた。すなわち, 大部分の日本人では皮膚炎は認められていないので, 日本人の各年齢階層における男女別にみたn-3系脂肪酸摂取量の中央値を日本人の大多数で欠乏症状が認められない十分な量と考え, 目安量とした。このように安全幅が広めに設定されているため, 実際の摂取量が目安量より少なくても欠乏症状はあらわれないと思われる。n-3系脂肪酸を多く摂取すると, 虚血性心疾患罹患が少なくなることを示す欧米の報告は多い。しかし, 現在の日本人のn-3系脂肪酸摂取量の中央値は, 欧米人の検討成績の中で, 虚血性心疾患罹患率の最も低い, 最高分位のn-3系脂肪酸摂取量のグループの中央値よりも多い。このため, 日本人のn-3系脂肪酸摂取量の中央値程度を摂取していれば, 虚血性心疾患罹患率を十分低くできると考えられる。そこで, 18歳以上に対し, n-3系脂肪酸摂取量の中央値を, 目標量 (生活習慣病予防を目的とした食事摂取基準の一つ) の下限と設定した。設定された18歳以上の目標量は2.0-2.9g/day以上となる。この値は必須脂肪酸としての目安量と一致するため, 18歳以上については目標量のみの設定となっている。n-3系脂肪酸を多く摂取した場合の弊害についても検討した。出血時間の延長, LDL-コレステロール値の増加が多く報告されているが, 臨床的に問題となる出血例の増加は報告されていないし, 虚血性心疾患罹患率が増加したことを示す報告もない。このため, 今回の策定では, 目標量の上限値設定は行わなかった。しかしながら, 日本人のおもなn-3系脂肪酸摂取源である魚介類には, 水銀, カドニウムなどの重金属, ダイオキシン, PCBなどの環境汚染物質が微量ながら含まれる。食事摂取基準では, 有害物質の摂取量について取り扱っていないため, これらの影響については考慮されていない。この点を補完するために, 本稿では水銀摂取の影響についてエビデンスの収集を行い, 妊婦が魚を摂取する場合の注意点についても言及した。 |
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| AbstractList | 日本人のn-3系多価不飽和脂肪酸(以下n-3系脂肪酸と略す)の摂取基準策定(2005年版)に用いた論文をエビデンステーブル(表)として提示し, 策定の基本的な考え方を詳しく述べた. n-3系脂肪酸は一定量以下のある摂取量で皮膚炎, 成長障害が認められる必須脂肪酸であるので, 下限の設定(最低必要量)が必要である. しかし, 報告症例が少なく, 一定量以下のある摂取量を求めることができないため, 摂取量の中央値で表される目安量を用いた. すなわち, 大部分の日本人では皮膚炎は認められていないので, 日本人の各年齢階層における男女別にみたn-3系脂肪酸摂取量の中央値を日本人の大多数で欠乏症状が認められない十分な量と考え, 目安量とした. このように安全幅が広めに設定されているため, 実際の摂取量が目安量より少なくても欠乏症状はあらわれないと思われる. n-3系脂肪酸を多く摂取すると, 虚血性心疾患罹患が少なくなることを示す欧米の報告は多い. しかし, 現在の日本人のn-3系脂肪酸摂取量の中央値は, 欧米人の検討成績の中で, 虚血性心疾患罹患率の最も低い, 最高分位のn-3系脂肪酸摂取量のグループの中央値よりも多い. このため, 日本人のn-3系脂肪酸摂取量の中央値程度を摂取していれば, 虚血性心疾患罹患率を十分低くできると考えられる. そこで, 18歳以上に対し, n-3系脂肪酸摂取量の中央値を, 目標量(生活習慣病予防を目的とした食事摂取基準の一つ)の下限と設定した. 設定された18歳以上の目標量は2.0-2.9g/day以上となる. この値は必須脂肪酸としての目安量と一致するため, 18歳以上については目標量のみの設定となっている. n-3系脂肪酸を多く摂取した場合の弊害についても検討した. 出血時間の延長, LDL-コレステロール値の増加が多く報告されているが, 臨床的に問題となる出血例の増加は報告されていないし, 虚血性心疾患罹患率が増加したことを示す報告もない. このため, 今回の策定では, 目標量の上限値設定は行わなかった. しかしながら, 日本人のおもなn-3系脂肪酸摂取源である魚介類には, 水銀, カドニウムなどの重金属, ダイオキシン, PCBなどの環境汚染物質が微量ながら含まれる. 食事摂取基準では, 有害物質の摂取量について取り扱っていないため, これらの影響については考慮されていない. この点を補完するために, 本稿では水銀摂取の影響についてエビデンスの収集を行い, 妊婦が魚を摂取する場合の注意点についても言及した. |
| Author | 窄野, 昌信 佐藤, 眞一 三宅, 吉博 梅澤, 光政 江崎, 治 三戸, 夏子 |
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| Snippet | 日本人のn-3系多価不飽和脂肪酸 (以下n-3系脂肪酸と略す) の摂取基準策定 (2005年版) に用いた論文をエビデンステーブル (表) として提示し, 策定の基本的な考え方を... 日本人のn-3系多価不飽和脂肪酸(以下n-3系脂肪酸と略す)の摂取基準策定(2005年版)に用いた論文をエビデンステーブル(表)として提示し, 策定の基本的な考え方を詳しく... |
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| Title | n-3系多価不飽和脂肪酸の摂取基準の考え方 |
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