Recycling in textiles
An increasing amount of waste is generated each year from textiles and their production.For economic and environmental reasons it is necessary that as much of this waste as possible is recycled instead of being disposed of in landfill sites.In reality the rate of textile recycling is still relativel...
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| Main Author | |
|---|---|
| Format | eBook Book |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Cambridge
Woodhead Publishing
2006
Boca Raton CRC Press Elsevier Science & Technology Woodhead Publishing India PVT. LTD |
| Edition | 1 |
| Series | Woodhead publishing in textiles |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISBN | 1855739526 9781855739529 |
| DOI | 10.1533/9781845691424 |
Cover
Table of Contents:
- 11.5 References -- Part IV Applications of recycled textiles -- 12 Recycling of textiles used in the operating theatre -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Directives -- 12.3 Standards -- 12.4 Products -- 12.5 Materials -- 12.6 Properties required -- 12.7 Market -- 12.8 Environmental aspects -- 12.9 Waste management -- 12.10 Future trends -- 12.11 Conclusions -- 12.12 References -- 12.13 Further reading -- 13 Composite products from post-consumer carpet -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Separating carpet -- 13.3 Composites from sorted carpet -- 13.4 Wood fiber reinforced composites -- 13.5 Products from reinforced post-consumer carpet -- 13.6 Conclusions -- 13.7 Acknowledgements -- 13.8 References -- 14 Utilization of recycled carpet waste fibers for reinforcement of concrete and soil -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Fiber reinforced concrete -- 14.3 Recycled fiber reinforced concrete -- 14.4 Fiber reinforced soil -- 14.5 Recycled fiber reinforced soil -- 14.6 Conclusions -- 14.7 References -- Index
- 6.10 Conclusions -- 6.11 References -- Part II Chemical aspects in textile recycling -- 7 Recycling waste water from textile production -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 System analysis -- 7.3 Optimization of processes for water recycling -- 7.4 Direct re-use of waste water -- 7.5 Waste water treatments and water recycling with membrane technology -- 7.6 Re-use of reclaimed/recycled water -- 7.7 Future trends -- 7.8 Sources of further information -- 7.9 References -- 8 Recycling and re-use of textile chemicals -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Fabric preparation processes -- 8.3 Dyeing and printing processes -- 8.4 Recycling of finishing compounds -- 8.5 Waste minimization at source -- 8.6 Conclusions -- 8.7 References -- Part III Recycled textile products -- 9 Development of products made of reclaimed fibres -- 9.1 Reclaimed fibres as raw materials -- 9.2 Characteristics of reclaimed fibres -- 9.3 Products and markets -- 9.4 Examples developed by the STFI -- 9.5 Other examples -- 9.6 Future trends -- 9.7 References -- 10 Manufacturing nonwovens and other products using recycled fibers containing spandex -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Spandex -- 10.3 Review of recycling -- 10.4 Evaluation and characterization of the remnant material -- 10.5 Fiber separation trial at recycling plant -- 10.6 Laboratory-scale processing of the recycled material -- 10.7 Chemical treatment of the raw material -- 10.8 Mechanical processing of the chemically treated samples -- 10.9 Types of nonwovens -- 10.10 Markets for needle-punched fabrics -- 10.11 Experiments in production of nonwoven samples -- 10.12 Flocking study -- 10.13 Oil absorption with fibrous waste -- 10.14 Conclusions -- 10.15 Acknowledgments -- 10.16 References -- 11 Textile products produced from alternative fibers -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Experimental procedures -- 11.3 Results and discussion -- 11.4 Conclusions
- Cover -- Recycling in textiles -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributor contact details -- 1 Introduction -- References -- Part I General textile recycling issues and technology -- 2 Textile recycling: a system perspective -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Systems theory -- 2.3 Understanding the textile and apparel recycling process -- 2.4 Textile recycling companies -- 2.5 The sorting process -- 2.6 The pyramid model -- 2.7 Textile recycling constituents -- 2.8 Discussion and future trends -- 2.9 References -- 3 Designing textile products that are easy to recycle -- 3.1 History -- 3.2 Product responsibility -- 3.3 Current situation in Germany -- 3.4 Basic methods -- 3.5 Examples -- 3.6 Conclusions -- 3.7 References -- 4 Carpet stewardship in the United States - a commitment to sustainability -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Carpet industry environmental stewardship -- 4.3 Carpet recycling - early efforts -- 4.4 The Carpet America Recovery Effort -- 4.5 Creating a new industry - material flows -- 4.6 The role of non-carpet products in carpet recycling -- 4.7 Conclusions -- 4.8 Future trends in the USA -- 5 Systems planning for carpet recycling -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The need for strategic systems planning -- 5.3 Previous system issues -- 5.4 The estimation of carpet recycling volumes -- 5.5 Initial collection schemes -- 5.6 The alternative structures for consolidating and sorting of carpet -- 5.7 Case studies -- 5.8 Discussion -- 5.9 Conclusions and future trends -- 5.10 References -- 6 Carpet recycling technologies -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Fiber identification and sorting -- 6.3 Size reduction -- 6.4 Mechanical separation of carpet components -- 6.5 Solvent extraction of nylon from carpet -- 6.6 Depolymerization of nylon -- 6.7 Melt processing -- 6.8 Use of waste fibers as reinforcement in polymer composites -- 6.9 Waste to energy conversion
- 7.2 System analysis -- 7.3 Optimization of processes for water recycling -- 7.4 Direct re-use of waste water -- 7.5 Waste water treatments and water recycling with membrane technology -- 7.6 Re-use of reclaimed/recycled water -- 7.7 Future trends -- 7.8 Sources of further information -- 7.9 References -- 8 Recycling and re-use of textile chemicals -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Fabric preparation processes -- 8.3 Dyeing and printing processes -- 8.4 Recycling of finishing compounds -- 8.5 Waste minimization at source -- 8.6 Conclusions -- 8.7 References -- 9 Development of products made of reclaimed fibres -- 9.1 Reclaimed fibres as raw materials -- 9.2 Characteristics of reclaimed fibres -- 9.3 Products and markets -- 9.4 Examples developed by the STFI -- 9.5 Other examples -- 9.6 Future trends -- 9.7 References -- 10 Manufacturing nonwovens and other products using recycled fibers containing spandex -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Spandex -- 10.3 Review of recycling -- 10.4 Evaluation and characterization of the remnant material -- 10.5 Fiber separation trial at recycling plant -- 10.6 Laboratory-scale processing of the recycled material -- 10.7 Chemical treatment of the raw material -- 10.8 Mechanical processing of the chemically treated samples -- 10.9 Types of nonwovens -- 10.10 Markets for needle-punched fabrics -- 10.11 Experiments in production of nonwoven samples -- 10.12 Flocking study -- 10.13 Oil absorption with fibrous waste -- 10.14 Conclusions -- 10.15 Acknowledgments -- 10.16 References -- 11 Textile products produced from alternative fibers -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Experimental procedures -- 11.3 Results and discussion -- 11.4 Conclusions -- 11.5 References -- 12 Recycling of textiles used in the operating theatre -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Directives -- 12.3 Standards -- 12.4 Products -- 12.5 Materials -- 12.6 Properties required
- Intro -- Contents -- Contributor contact details -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Textile recycling: a system perspective -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Systems theory -- 2.3 Understanding the textile and apparel recycling process -- 2.4 Textile recycling companies -- 2.5 The sorting process -- 2.6 The pyramid model -- 2.7 Textile recycling constituents -- 2.8 Discussion and future trends -- 2.9 References -- 3 Designing textile products that are easy to recycle -- 3.1 History -- 3.2 Product responsibility -- 3.3 Current situation in Germany -- 3.4 Basic methods -- 3.5 Examples -- 3.6 Conclusions -- 3.7 References -- 4 Carpet stewardship in the United States - a commitment to sustainability -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Carpet industry environmental stewardship -- 4.3 Carpet recycling - early efforts -- 4.4 The Carpet America Recovery Effort -- 4.5 Creating a new industry - material flows -- 4.6 The role of non-carpet products in carpet recycling -- 4.7 Conclusions -- 4.8 Future trends in the USA -- 5 Systems planning for carpet recycling -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The need for strategic systems planning -- 5.3 Previous system issues -- 5.4 The estimation of carpet recycling volumes -- 5.5 Initial collection schemes -- 5.6 The alternative structures for consolidating and sorting of carpet -- 5.7 Case studies -- 5.8 Discussion -- 5.9 Conclusions and future trends -- 5.10 References -- 6 Carpet recycling technologies -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Fiber identification and sorting -- 6.3 Size reduction -- 6.4 Mechanical separation of carpet components -- 6.5 Solvent extraction of nylon from carpet -- 6.6 Depolymerization of nylon -- 6.7 Melt processing -- 6.8 Use of waste fibers as reinforcement in polymer composites -- 6.9 Waste to energy conversion -- 6.10 Conclusions -- 6.11 References -- 7 Recycling waste water from textile production -- 7.1 Introduction
- 12.7 Market -- 12.8 Environmental aspects -- 12.9 Waste management -- 12.10 Future trends -- 12.11 Conclusions -- 12.12 References -- 12.13 Further reading -- 13 Composite products from post-consumer carpet -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Separating carpet -- 13.3 Composites from sorted carpet -- 13.4 Wood fiber reinforced composites -- 13.5 Products from reinforced post-consumer carpet -- 13.6 Conclusions -- 13.7 Acknowledgements -- 13.8 References -- 14 Utilization of recycled carpet waste fibers for reinforcement of concrete and soil -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Fiber reinforced concrete -- 14.3 Recycled fiber reinforced concrete -- 14.4 Fiber reinforced soil -- 14.5 Recycled fiber reinforced soil -- 14.6 Conclusions -- 14.7 References -- Index