Environmental risk assessment : a toxicological approach

"This book explains how environmental risk assessment in particular is of increasing importance as a means of seeking to address the potential effects of chemicals in the environment in both the developed and developing world"--

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author Simon, Ted (Author)
Format Electronic eBook
LanguageEnglish
Published Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2020]
EditionSecond edition.
Subjects
Online AccessFull text
ISBN9780429286001
0429286007
9781000754377
1000754375
9780429169502
0429169507
9781000754117
1000754111
9781000754247
1000754243
9780367250973
0367250977
Physical Description1 online resource

Cover

Table of Contents:
  • Cover
  • Half Title
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Dedication
  • Table of Contents
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Chapter 1: An Introduction to Risk Assessment with a Nod to History
  • 1.1 Risk Assessment: Does Consistency Achieve the Goal of Fairness?
  • 1.1.1 Formaldehyde: A Cautionary Tale
  • 1.1.2 A Future Look Back
  • 1.2 Knowledge versus Fear: The Precautionary Principle and Unintended Consequences
  • 1.3 The History of Environmental Risk Assessment in the United States
  • 1.3.1 Risk Assessment under NEPA
  • 1.3.2 The Events of the Late 1960s Facilitated the Passage of NEPA
  • 1.4 How Much Risk Is Enough?
  • 1.5 Risk Assessment Recommendations from the US National Academies of Sciences and Other Government Entities
  • 1.5.1 The Environmental Risk Assessment Paradigm as Defined in Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process, the National Research Council's 1983 "Red Book"
  • 1.5.2 The Clean Air Act (CAA), EPA's 1989 Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (RAGS), and Other Guidelines
  • 1.5.3 Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment: The National Research Council's 1994 "Blue Book."
  • 1.5.3.1 EPA's Use of Defaults per the "Blue Book"
  • 1.5.3.2 Validation of Models, Methods, and Data
  • 1.5.3.3 Information and Data Needs
  • 1.5.3.4 Accounting for Uncertainty
  • 1.5.3.5 Understanding and Dealing with Variability
  • 1.5.3.6 Aggregation of Risks
  • 1.5.4 Framework for Environmental Risk Management: The 1997 Federal Commission Report
  • 1.5.4.1 Bias and Scientific Misconduct: Another Cautionary Tale
  • 1.5.4.2 Realism, Cost, and the Separation of Risk Assessment and Risk Management
  • 1.5.4.3 EPA Addresses Variability and Uncertainty
  • 1.5.4.4 Compounding Conservatism
  • 1.5.5 Circular A-4 from the Office of Management and Budget
  • 1.5.6 Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment: The National Research Council's 2009 "Silver Book"
  • 1.5.6.1 Improvements in Problem Formulation
  • 1.5.6.2 Replacing Defaults with Data
  • 1.5.6.3 Controversies around "Silver Book" Recommendations for Dose-Response Assessment
  • 1.5.7 World Health Organization International Programme on Chemical Safety (WHO-IPCS) Guidance Document on Evaluating and Expressing Uncertainty in Hazard Characterization
  • 1.6 Risk Assessment as Practiced Internationally
  • 1.6.1 Will Risk Assessment in China Point the Way for the Developing World?
  • 1.6.2 Risk Assessment in the European Union
  • 1.6.3 Risk Assessment in Canada
  • 1.7 What Happens When Things Go Right
  • 1.7.1 The Sangamo-Weston Superfund Site
  • 1.7.2 Good Communication Is the Reason Things Go Right
  • 1.8 Perception Is Reality: Risk Communication and Stakeholder Participation
  • 1.8.1 Public Perception of Hexavalent Chromium: A Cautionary Tale
  • 1.8.2 Why the Movie Erin Brockovitch Changed the Public's View of Chromium
  • 1.9 Association versus Causation