http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
"This book explains how environmental risk assessment in particular is of increasing importance as a means of seeking to address the potential effects of chemicals in the environment in both the developed and developing world"--
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1: An Introduction to Risk Assessment with a Nod to History -- 1.1 Risk Assessment: Does Consistency Achieve the Goal of Fairness? -- 1.1.1 Formaldehyde: A Cautionary Tale -- 1.1.2 A Future Look Back -- 1.2 Knowledge versus Fear: The Precautionary Principle and Unintended Consequences -- 1.3 The History of Environmental Risk Assessment in the United States -- 1.3.1 Risk Assessment under NEPA
1.3.2 The Events of the Late 1960s Facilitated the Passage of NEPA -- 1.4 How Much Risk Is Enough? -- 1.5 Risk Assessment Recommendations from the US National Academies of Sciences and Other Government Entities -- 1.5.1 The Environmental Risk Assessment Paradigm as Defined in Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process, the National Research Council's 1983 "Red Book" -- 1.5.2 The Clean Air Act (CAA), EPA's 1989 Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (RAGS), and Other Guidelines -- 1.5.3 Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment: The National Research Council's 1994 "Blue Book."
1.5.3.1 EPA's Use of Defaults per the "Blue Book" -- 1.5.3.2 Validation of Models, Methods, and Data -- 1.5.3.3 Information and Data Needs -- 1.5.3.4 Accounting for Uncertainty -- 1.5.3.5 Understanding and Dealing with Variability -- 1.5.3.6 Aggregation of Risks -- 1.5.4 Framework for Environmental Risk Management: The 1997 Federal Commission Report -- 1.5.4.1 Bias and Scientific Misconduct: Another Cautionary Tale -- 1.5.4.2 Realism, Cost, and the Separation of Risk Assessment and Risk Management -- 1.5.4.3 EPA Addresses Variability and Uncertainty -- 1.5.4.4 Compounding Conservatism
1.5.5 Circular A-4 from the Office of Management and Budget -- 1.5.6 Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment: The National Research Council's 2009 "Silver Book" -- 1.5.6.1 Improvements in Problem Formulation -- 1.5.6.2 Replacing Defaults with Data -- 1.5.6.3 Controversies around "Silver Book" Recommendations for Dose-Response Assessment -- 1.5.7 World Health Organization International Programme on Chemical Safety (WHO-IPCS) Guidance Document on Evaluating and Expressing Uncertainty in Hazard Characterization -- 1.6 Risk Assessment as Practiced Internationally
1.6.1 Will Risk Assessment in China Point the Way for the Developing World? -- 1.6.2 Risk Assessment in the European Union -- 1.6.3 Risk Assessment in Canada -- 1.7 What Happens When Things Go Right -- 1.7.1 The Sangamo-Weston Superfund Site -- 1.7.2 Good Communication Is the Reason Things Go Right -- 1.8 Perception Is Reality: Risk Communication and Stakeholder Participation -- 1.8.1 Public Perception of Hexavalent Chromium: A Cautionary Tale -- 1.8.2 Why the Movie Erin Brockovitch Changed the Public's View of Chromium -- 1.9 Association versus Causation
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Includes bibliographical references and index.
Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2020]