Materials in sports equipment
Saved in:
| Other Authors | |
|---|---|
| Format | Electronic eBook |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Duxford :
Woodhead Publishing, an imprint of Elsevier,
2019.
|
| Edition | Second edition. |
| Series | Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites Science and Engineering
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Full text |
| ISBN | 9780081025833 0081025831 9780081025826 |
| Physical Description | 1 online resource : illustrations |
Cover
Table of Contents:
- Front Cover
- Materials in Sports Equipment
- Copyright Page
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- I. General Issues
- 1 Modeling of Materials for Sports Equipment
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Properties of Metallic Alloys
- 1.3 Modeling the Properties of Metallic Alloys
- 1.3.1 Application of Modeling: Assessing Hardness Around a Weld
- 1.4 Modeling Polymeric Materials
- 1.4.1 Data for Modeling Polymeric Materials
- 1.5 Properties and Modeling of Composites
- 1.5.1 Limits to Composite Modeling
- 1.6 Modeling Sandwich Structures
- 1.7 Future Trends
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 2 Application of Infrared Thermography in the Assessment of Sport Equipment
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 Infrared Thermography
- 2.1.2 Physics Principles of Infrared Thermography
- 2.2 Methodological Aspects Related With Sport Equipment Assessment
- 2.2.1 Choice of Camera
- 2.2.2 Camera Positioning and Adjustments
- 2.2.3 Environmental Conditions
- 2.2.4 Thermal Stress Tests
- 2.3 Applications of Infrared Thermography in the Assessment of Sport Equipment
- 2.3.1 Racing Car Tires
- 2.3.2 Detection of Technological Doping in Cycling
- 2.3.3 Saddle Fit in Cycling
- 2.3.4 Equestrian Saddle Fit
- 2.3.5 Sport Garments
- 2.3.6 Tennis Racket Strings
- 2.3.6.1 Natural Gut String
- 2.3.6.2 Synthetic Gut String
- 2.3.6.3 Dry Sliding of Natural Gut String at the Nodes
- 2.3.7 Sport Balls
- 2.4 Conclusion
- References
- 3 Protective Helmets in Sports
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Incidence of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Sport
- 3.3 Biomechanics and Dynamics of Head Impacts in Sport
- 3.3.1 Dynamics of Head Impacts
- 3.3.2 Energy Absorption Process
- 3.3.3 Viscoelastic Properties of Material Selection
- 3.4 Helmet Construction: Shell Materials
- 3.4.1 Properties and Manufacturing of Polycarbonate.
- 3.4.2 Properties and Manufacturing of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
- 3.4.3 Properties and Manufacturing of Polyolefin Materials
- 3.5 Helmet Construction: Liner Materials
- 3.5.1 Multiple-Impact Resilient Foam Systems
- 3.5.2 Multiple-Impact, Dual-Density Foam Systems
- 3.5.3 Multiple-Impact, Two-Stage Foam-Mechanical Systems
- 3.5.4 Single-Impact, Crushable Foam Systems
- 3.6 Helmet Safety Standards and Performance Testing
- 3.6.1 Impact Performance Testing
- 3.6.2 Projectile Impact Performance Testing
- 3.7 Helmet Design for Particular Sports: Lacrosse, Ice Hockey, Rugby, and Football (Soccer)
- 3.7.1 Lacrosse
- 3.7.2 Ice Hockey
- 3.7.3 Rugby
- 3.7.4 Football (Soccer)
- 3.7.5 The Role of Proper Fit
- 3.8 Future Trends
- 3.9 Sources of Further Information and Advice
- 3.10 Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
- References
- Further Reading
- 4 Wearable Technologies in Sportswear
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Stretchable Circuit
- 4.2.1 Conductive Fibers and Yarns
- 4.2.1.1 Metal Fibers
- 4.2.1.2 Inherently Conductive Polymers
- 4.2.1.3 Carbon-Based Fibers
- 4.2.1.4 Modification of Fibers
- 4.2.2 Quantum Tunneling Composites
- 4.2.3 Conductive Coating and Printing
- 4.3 Sensors and Actuators
- 4.3.1 Muscle Activity
- 4.3.2 Respiratory
- 4.3.3 Heart Rate
- 4.3.4 Sweat
- 4.3.5 Temperature
- 4.3.6 Movement Measurement
- 4.4 Data Transferring and Computing
- 4.5 Energy Harvesting and Storage
- 4.5.1 Piezoelectricity Generator
- 4.5.2 Thermoelectricity Generator
- 4.5.3 Triboelectricity Generator
- 4.5.4 Hybrid Generators
- 4.5.5 Flexible Electrical Energy Storage
- 4.6 Conclusion
- References
- 5 Three-Dimensional Printing of Sports Equipment
- 5.1 Additive Manufacturing Overview
- 5.2 Additive Manufacturing Process
- 5.3 Additive Manufacturing in Sports
- 5.3.1 Ethical Considerations.
- 5.4 Additive Manufacturing Polymers
- 5.4.1 Running Shoes
- 5.4.1.1 Digital Light Processing and Digital Light Synthesis
- 5.4.1.2 Continuous Digital Light Synthesis and Continuous Liquid Interface Production
- 5.4.1.3 Selective Laser Sintering
- 5.4.2 Personal Protective Equipment
- 5.4.2.1 3D Printed Tailored Lattice Structures
- 5.5 Additive Manufacturing Metals
- 5.5.1 Helmets
- 5.5.2 Personalized Metal Additive Manufacturing Faceguard Development
- 5.5.3 Fused Deposition Modeling: Faceguard Prototyping
- 5.5.3.1 Selective Laser Melting of Metals (Titanium): Faceguard Fabrication
- 5.6 Future Trends
- 5.7 Conclusion
- References
- 6 Mouth Protection in Sports
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 The Development and Classification of Mouth Protection in Sport
- 6.2.1 Classification of Mouthguards
- 6.3 Incidence of Orofacial Injury in Sport
- 6.4 Biomechanics and Dynamics of Dental Injury
- 6.4.1 Tooth Biomechanics
- 6.4.2 Head Biomechanics
- 6.4.3 Behavior of Viscoelastic Materials
- 6.4.4 Energy Dissipation in Viscoelastic Materials
- 6.4.5 Desired Dynamic Properties of Materials
- 6.5 Polymeric Materials and Fabrication Techniques for Mouthguards
- 6.5.1 Chemical Properties
- 6.5.2 Mechanical and Physical Properties
- 6.5.3 Fabrication Techniques
- 6.6 Standards and Testing for Mouthguards
- 6.6.1 Testing for Hardness
- 6.6.2 Testing for Impact
- 6.6.3 Testing for Moisture Absorption
- 6.6.4 Testing for Tear Strength
- 6.7 Comfort and Fit of Mouthguards
- 6.8 Conclusion
- 6.9 Sources for Further Information and Advice
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Further Reading
- II. Specific Sports
- 7 Benchmarking and Regulation of Glove Grip in Australian Football
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Methodology
- 7.3 Glove Models
- 7.4 Results
- 7.4.1 Dry Tests
- 7.4.2 Wet Tests
- 7.5 Discussion
- 7.5.1 Dry Tests.
- 7.5.2 Wet Tests
- 7.6 Benchmarking
- 7.6.1 Dry Conditions
- 7.6.2 Wet Conditions
- 7.7 Proposed Regulation
- 7.8 Conclusion
- 7.9 Research Impact
- 7.10 Future Outlook
- Acknowledgment
- References
- 8 Design and Materials in Baseball
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.1.1 How Baseball Is Played
- 8.1.2 The Development of Baseball
- 8.2 Ball Design and Construction
- 8.2.1 Construction of Baseball Balls
- 8.2.2 Ball Construction in Major League Baseball
- 8.2.3 Ball Construction for College and High School Baseball Balls
- 8.2.4 Ball Construction in Little League Baseball
- 8.3 Bat Design and Construction
- 8.3.1 The Wood Bat
- 8.3.2 The Aluminum Bat
- 8.3.3 The Composite Bat
- 8.3.4 The Future Design of Aluminum and Composite Bats
- 8.4 Baseball Gloves
- 8.4.1 Gloves for Catching the Ball
- 8.4.2 The Batting Glove
- 8.5 Protective and Other Equipment
- 8.5.1 Protective Equipment for the Catcher
- 8.5.2 Batting Helmets
- 8.5.3 Bases
- 8.5.4 The Backstop
- 8.6 Future Trends
- 8.7 Sources of Further Information and Advice
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Further Reading
- 9 Design and Materials in Snowboarding
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Riding Styles in Snowboarding
- 9.2.1 Loading Conditions
- 9.3 Snowboard Design
- 9.4 Materials and Their Configuration in Snowboards
- 9.5 Manufacture of Snowboards
- 9.6 Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Further Reading
- 10 Design and Materials in Ice Hockey
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Ice Hockey Skate Design
- 10.3 Evaluating Skate Boot Design
- 10.3.1 Analyzing and Improving Stiffness Properties of the Skate Boot
- 10.3.2 Analyzing and Improving Skate Boot Flexibility
- 10.3.3 Summary of Boot Properties
- 10.4 Evaluating Skate Blade Sharpening and Design
- 10.4.1 Recent Skate Blade Design Innovation
- 10.5 Ice Hockey Stick Design.
- 10.5.1 Stick Materials and Construction
- 10.5.2 Evaluating Ice Hockey Stick Design
- 10.5.3 Performance Testing
- 10.6 Conclusion
- References
- 11 Design and Materials in Fly Fishing
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.1.1 The Process of Fishing
- 11.1.2 The Distinctive Characteristics of Fly Fishing
- 11.2 Performance Requirements: Hooking and Landing the Fish
- 11.3 Performance Requirements: Casting
- 11.4 Leaders
- 11.5 Flylines
- 11.5.1 Flyline Manufacture
- 11.6 Rods
- 11.6.1 Rod Design
- 11.7 Reels
- 11.8 Conclusion
- References
- 12 Design and Materials in Archery
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Model and Performance Description of the Bow
- 12.2.1 Quality Coefficients for the Bow-Arrow System
- 12.3 The Design of the Bow
- 12.4 The Design of the Arrow
- 12.4.1 Horizontal Plane Behavior of the Arrow
- 12.4.2 Vertical Plane Behavior of the Arrow
- 12.4.3 Arrow Dynamics in Free Flight
- 12.5 Strength of Bow, Arrow, and String Materials
- 12.5.1 Limb Material
- 12.5.2 Arrow Material
- 12.5.3 String Material
- 12.5.4 Riser Material
- 12.6 Future Trends
- Conclusion
- References
- Further Reading
- 13 Design and Materials in Rowing
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 International Regulation of Competitive Rowing Equipment
- 13.2.1 The Definition of Rowing
- 13.2.1.1 Rule 1: Rowing, Boats, Regattas
- 13.2.2 Boats and Construction
- 13.2.2.1 Rule 31: Free Construction
- 13.2.2.2 Rule 32: Boat Weights
- 13.2.3 International Federation of Rowing Associations Guideline for Safe Rowing Equipment
- 13.2.4 Innovation
- 13.2.4.1 Rule 58: Fairness-Innovation
- 13.2.5 Rowing Boat Classes for Olympic and World Championship Competitions
- 13.2.6 Adaptive Rowing Events
- 13.2.6.1 Regulation, Rule 31: Boats and Equipment
- 13.2.6.2 Regulation, Rule 32: Boat Weights
- 13.3 Design of Modern Rowing Boats
- 13.3.1 Hydrodynamic Design.