http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Front Cover -- Materials in Sports Equipment -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- I. General Issues -- 1 Modeling of Materials for Sports Equipment -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Properties of Metallic Alloys -- 1.3 Modeling the Properties of Metallic Alloys -- 1.3.1 Application of Modeling: Assessing Hardness Around a Weld -- 1.4 Modeling Polymeric Materials -- 1.4.1 Data for Modeling Polymeric Materials -- 1.5 Properties and Modeling of Composites -- 1.5.1 Limits to Composite Modeling -- 1.6 Modeling Sandwich Structures -- 1.7 Future Trends -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Application of Infrared Thermography in the Assessment of Sport Equipment -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Infrared Thermography -- 2.1.2 Physics Principles of Infrared Thermography -- 2.2 Methodological Aspects Related With Sport Equipment Assessment -- 2.2.1 Choice of Camera -- 2.2.2 Camera Positioning and Adjustments -- 2.2.3 Environmental Conditions -- 2.2.4 Thermal Stress Tests -- 2.3 Applications of Infrared Thermography in the Assessment of Sport Equipment -- 2.3.1 Racing Car Tires -- 2.3.2 Detection of Technological Doping in Cycling -- 2.3.3 Saddle Fit in Cycling -- 2.3.4 Equestrian Saddle Fit -- 2.3.5 Sport Garments -- 2.3.6 Tennis Racket Strings -- 2.3.6.1 Natural Gut String -- 2.3.6.2 Synthetic Gut String -- 2.3.6.3 Dry Sliding of Natural Gut String at the Nodes -- 2.3.7 Sport Balls -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Protective Helmets in Sports -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Incidence of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Sport -- 3.3 Biomechanics and Dynamics of Head Impacts in Sport -- 3.3.1 Dynamics of Head Impacts -- 3.3.2 Energy Absorption Process -- 3.3.3 Viscoelastic Properties of Material Selection -- 3.4 Helmet Construction: Shell Materials -- 3.4.1 Properties and Manufacturing of Polycarbonate.
3.4.2 Properties and Manufacturing of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene -- 3.4.3 Properties and Manufacturing of Polyolefin Materials -- 3.5 Helmet Construction: Liner Materials -- 3.5.1 Multiple-Impact Resilient Foam Systems -- 3.5.2 Multiple-Impact, Dual-Density Foam Systems -- 3.5.3 Multiple-Impact, Two-Stage Foam-Mechanical Systems -- 3.5.4 Single-Impact, Crushable Foam Systems -- 3.6 Helmet Safety Standards and Performance Testing -- 3.6.1 Impact Performance Testing -- 3.6.2 Projectile Impact Performance Testing -- 3.7 Helmet Design for Particular Sports: Lacrosse, Ice Hockey, Rugby, and Football (Soccer) -- 3.7.1 Lacrosse -- 3.7.2 Ice Hockey -- 3.7.3 Rugby -- 3.7.4 Football (Soccer) -- 3.7.5 The Role of Proper Fit -- 3.8 Future Trends -- 3.9 Sources of Further Information and Advice -- 3.10 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Further Reading -- 4 Wearable Technologies in Sportswear -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Stretchable Circuit -- 4.2.1 Conductive Fibers and Yarns -- 4.2.1.1 Metal Fibers -- 4.2.1.2 Inherently Conductive Polymers -- 4.2.1.3 Carbon-Based Fibers -- 4.2.1.4 Modification of Fibers -- 4.2.2 Quantum Tunneling Composites -- 4.2.3 Conductive Coating and Printing -- 4.3 Sensors and Actuators -- 4.3.1 Muscle Activity -- 4.3.2 Respiratory -- 4.3.3 Heart Rate -- 4.3.4 Sweat -- 4.3.5 Temperature -- 4.3.6 Movement Measurement -- 4.4 Data Transferring and Computing -- 4.5 Energy Harvesting and Storage -- 4.5.1 Piezoelectricity Generator -- 4.5.2 Thermoelectricity Generator -- 4.5.3 Triboelectricity Generator -- 4.5.4 Hybrid Generators -- 4.5.5 Flexible Electrical Energy Storage -- 4.6 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Three-Dimensional Printing of Sports Equipment -- 5.1 Additive Manufacturing Overview -- 5.2 Additive Manufacturing Process -- 5.3 Additive Manufacturing in Sports -- 5.3.1 Ethical Considerations.
5.4 Additive Manufacturing Polymers -- 5.4.1 Running Shoes -- 5.4.1.1 Digital Light Processing and Digital Light Synthesis -- 5.4.1.2 Continuous Digital Light Synthesis and Continuous Liquid Interface Production -- 5.4.1.3 Selective Laser Sintering -- 5.4.2 Personal Protective Equipment -- 5.4.2.1 3D Printed Tailored Lattice Structures -- 5.5 Additive Manufacturing Metals -- 5.5.1 Helmets -- 5.5.2 Personalized Metal Additive Manufacturing Faceguard Development -- 5.5.3 Fused Deposition Modeling: Faceguard Prototyping -- 5.5.3.1 Selective Laser Melting of Metals (Titanium): Faceguard Fabrication -- 5.6 Future Trends -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Mouth Protection in Sports -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The Development and Classification of Mouth Protection in Sport -- 6.2.1 Classification of Mouthguards -- 6.3 Incidence of Orofacial Injury in Sport -- 6.4 Biomechanics and Dynamics of Dental Injury -- 6.4.1 Tooth Biomechanics -- 6.4.2 Head Biomechanics -- 6.4.3 Behavior of Viscoelastic Materials -- 6.4.4 Energy Dissipation in Viscoelastic Materials -- 6.4.5 Desired Dynamic Properties of Materials -- 6.5 Polymeric Materials and Fabrication Techniques for Mouthguards -- 6.5.1 Chemical Properties -- 6.5.2 Mechanical and Physical Properties -- 6.5.3 Fabrication Techniques -- 6.6 Standards and Testing for Mouthguards -- 6.6.1 Testing for Hardness -- 6.6.2 Testing for Impact -- 6.6.3 Testing for Moisture Absorption -- 6.6.4 Testing for Tear Strength -- 6.7 Comfort and Fit of Mouthguards -- 6.8 Conclusion -- 6.9 Sources for Further Information and Advice -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further Reading -- II. Specific Sports -- 7 Benchmarking and Regulation of Glove Grip in Australian Football -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Methodology -- 7.3 Glove Models -- 7.4 Results -- 7.4.1 Dry Tests -- 7.4.2 Wet Tests -- 7.5 Discussion -- 7.5.1 Dry Tests.
7.5.2 Wet Tests -- 7.6 Benchmarking -- 7.6.1 Dry Conditions -- 7.6.2 Wet Conditions -- 7.7 Proposed Regulation -- 7.8 Conclusion -- 7.9 Research Impact -- 7.10 Future Outlook -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 8 Design and Materials in Baseball -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.1.1 How Baseball Is Played -- 8.1.2 The Development of Baseball -- 8.2 Ball Design and Construction -- 8.2.1 Construction of Baseball Balls -- 8.2.2 Ball Construction in Major League Baseball -- 8.2.3 Ball Construction for College and High School Baseball Balls -- 8.2.4 Ball Construction in Little League Baseball -- 8.3 Bat Design and Construction -- 8.3.1 The Wood Bat -- 8.3.2 The Aluminum Bat -- 8.3.3 The Composite Bat -- 8.3.4 The Future Design of Aluminum and Composite Bats -- 8.4 Baseball Gloves -- 8.4.1 Gloves for Catching the Ball -- 8.4.2 The Batting Glove -- 8.5 Protective and Other Equipment -- 8.5.1 Protective Equipment for the Catcher -- 8.5.2 Batting Helmets -- 8.5.3 Bases -- 8.5.4 The Backstop -- 8.6 Future Trends -- 8.7 Sources of Further Information and Advice -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further Reading -- 9 Design and Materials in Snowboarding -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Riding Styles in Snowboarding -- 9.2.1 Loading Conditions -- 9.3 Snowboard Design -- 9.4 Materials and Their Configuration in Snowboards -- 9.5 Manufacture of Snowboards -- 9.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further Reading -- 10 Design and Materials in Ice Hockey -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Ice Hockey Skate Design -- 10.3 Evaluating Skate Boot Design -- 10.3.1 Analyzing and Improving Stiffness Properties of the Skate Boot -- 10.3.2 Analyzing and Improving Skate Boot Flexibility -- 10.3.3 Summary of Boot Properties -- 10.4 Evaluating Skate Blade Sharpening and Design -- 10.4.1 Recent Skate Blade Design Innovation -- 10.5 Ice Hockey Stick Design.
10.5.1 Stick Materials and Construction -- 10.5.2 Evaluating Ice Hockey Stick Design -- 10.5.3 Performance Testing -- 10.6 Conclusion -- References -- 11 Design and Materials in Fly Fishing -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.1.1 The Process of Fishing -- 11.1.2 The Distinctive Characteristics of Fly Fishing -- 11.2 Performance Requirements: Hooking and Landing the Fish -- 11.3 Performance Requirements: Casting -- 11.4 Leaders -- 11.5 Flylines -- 11.5.1 Flyline Manufacture -- 11.6 Rods -- 11.6.1 Rod Design -- 11.7 Reels -- 11.8 Conclusion -- References -- 12 Design and Materials in Archery -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Model and Performance Description of the Bow -- 12.2.1 Quality Coefficients for the Bow-Arrow System -- 12.3 The Design of the Bow -- 12.4 The Design of the Arrow -- 12.4.1 Horizontal Plane Behavior of the Arrow -- 12.4.2 Vertical Plane Behavior of the Arrow -- 12.4.3 Arrow Dynamics in Free Flight -- 12.5 Strength of Bow, Arrow, and String Materials -- 12.5.1 Limb Material -- 12.5.2 Arrow Material -- 12.5.3 String Material -- 12.5.4 Riser Material -- 12.6 Future Trends -- Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- 13 Design and Materials in Rowing -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 International Regulation of Competitive Rowing Equipment -- 13.2.1 The Definition of Rowing -- 13.2.1.1 Rule 1: Rowing, Boats, Regattas -- 13.2.2 Boats and Construction -- 13.2.2.1 Rule 31: Free Construction -- 13.2.2.2 Rule 32: Boat Weights -- 13.2.3 International Federation of Rowing Associations Guideline for Safe Rowing Equipment -- 13.2.4 Innovation -- 13.2.4.1 Rule 58: Fairness-Innovation -- 13.2.5 Rowing Boat Classes for Olympic and World Championship Competitions -- 13.2.6 Adaptive Rowing Events -- 13.2.6.1 Regulation, Rule 31: Boats and Equipment -- 13.2.6.2 Regulation, Rule 32: Boat Weights -- 13.3 Design of Modern Rowing Boats -- 13.3.1 Hydrodynamic Design.
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Includes bibliographical references and index.
Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites Science and Engineering