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Industrial applications of surfactants IV
1 online resource (295 pages) : illustrations
Environmental considerations are increasingly shaping the development of many industries. This is an overview of surfactants and the environment. It goes on to look at new surfactants derived from renewable, ""natural"" resources such as sucrose, seaweed and starch. Other chapters review a decade of change in the surfactant industry and assess future market trends. Some of the developments in surfactant technology are presented, including ""gemini"" twin-chained surfactants, sulfobetaines, alkyl phosphates and the use of alkyl alkoxylates and alkyl glucosides in highly alkaline solutions. The.
Front Cover; Industrial Applications of Surfactants IV; Copyright Page; Preface; Table of Contents; Chapter 1. Overview: A Decade of Change in the Surfactant Industry; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 SURFACTANT MARKET SIZE; 3 SURFACTANT RAW MATERIALS; 4 SPECIALITY SURFACTANT MARKETS: PROSPECTS FOR GROWTH; 5 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS 1990 -- 2000; 6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND LEGISLATIVE DRIVERS (1990-2000); CONCLUSION; Chapter 2. Surfactants and the Environment -- An Overview; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY; 3 BIODEGRADABILITY; 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF LAS; 5 SURFACTANTS RISK ASSESSMENT -- THE NETHERLANDS.
6 CONCLUSION7 REFERENCES; Chapter 3. The Surface Active Agents Market: Where Is It Going?; Introduction; Historical evolution of surfactants; Growth of the surfactants market; Times are getting rough; The short term; The medium term; Conclusions; Chapter 4. Hydrotropes and Their Applications; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 EXPERIMENTAL; 3 SLIDE RULE AND SPREADSHEET; 4 SAMPLE FORMULAE; 5 CONCLUSION; References; Chapter 5. The Use of Amphoteric Surfactants to Utilise Imidazolines in Industrial Detergents; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 THE HYDROTROPING PROPERTIES OF ALKYL IMINODIPROPIONATESON NONIONICS.
3 SOLUBILISING IMIDAZOLINES4 ALKALI STABILITY; 5 CORROSION INHIBITION; 6 WATER-SHEDDING; 7 FORMULATING IMIDAZOLINES, DIPROPIONATES AND NONIONICS; 8 CONCLUSIONS; 9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS; Chapter 6. Application of Sucrose Fatty Acid Esters as Food Emulsifiers; 1. SURFACE ACTIVITY OF SE; 2. BIOCHEMISTRY OF SE; 3. MANUFACTURING PROCESS; 4. PERFORMANCE AND APPLICATIONS OF SE; 5. NEW APPLICATION TECHNOLOGlES OF SE; References; Chapter 7. Use of Mixtures of Alkyl Alkoxylates and Alkyl Glucosides in Strong Electrolytes and Highly Alkaline Systems; INTRODUCTION; REFERENCES.
Chapter 8.A New Surfactant Made from Kelp Seaweed1. INTRODUCTION; 2. MANUFACTURE; 3. CHARACTERISTICS; 4. APPLICATIONS OF THE KELP SURFACTANT; Chapter 9. Starch-derived Products in Detergents; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 ESTABLISHED STARCH-BASED SURFACTANTS; 3 STRUCTURAL FLEXIBILITY OF ETHOXYLATE SURFACTANTS; 4 THE BASIC CHEMISTRY OF ALKYL POLYGLUCOSIDES; 5 GLUCAMINES AND GLUCAMIDES; 6 CONCLUSION; Chapter 10. The Properties and Industrial Applications of N-Acyl ED3A Chelating Surfactants; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 KEY FEATURES OF THE PRODUCTS; 3 SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURES; 4 PRODUCT PURITY; 5 USEFUL pH RANGE.
6 SURFACE ACTIVITY7 pH DEPENDENCE OF SURFACE TENSION; 8 LATHER STABILlTY; 9 DE-LATHERING AND DE-FOAMING; 10 DRAVES WETTING TIME; 11 COMPATIBILITY WITH ENZYMES; 12 COMPATIBILITY WITH CATIONIC SURFACTANTS; 13 SYNERGY IN MIXED SURFACTANT SYSTEMS; 14 HYDROTROPY; 15 CHELATION OF METALS; 16 CORROSION INHIBITION; 17 METAL PASSIVATION; 18 ENVIRONMENTAL PROPERTIES; 19 SKIN IRRITATION; 20 EYE IRRITATION; 21 EYE STING; 22 APPLICATIONS; References; Chapter 11. Gemini Surfactants; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; 3 PERFORMANCE PROPERTIES.
"The proceedings of the meeting on the Industrial Applications of Surfactants IV held at the University of Salford on 3 1 March - 2 April 1998"--Title page verso.
4 CONCLUSIONS REGARDING COMMERCIAL UTILIZATION OF GEMINIS.
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Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.
Cambridge, England : Royal Society of Chemistry, ©1999