Anticorrosive rubber lining : a practical guide for plastics engineers

Anticorrosive Rubber Lining discusses the state-of-the-art in this evolving industry, including sections on the best materials and formulations to use, what's best for a particular application, which repair technique is best for a given application, how long a rubber lining is likely to last, v...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author Chandrasekaran, Chellappa (Author)
Format Electronic eBook
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford, United Kingdom ; Cambridge, MA : William Andrew, 2017.
SeriesPDL handbook series.
Subjects
Rubber, Artificial.
Rubber chemistry.
Corrosion and anti-corrosives.
elektronické knihy
electronic books
Online AccessFull text
ISBN9780323444859
0323444857
0323443710
9780323443715
Physical Description1 online resource.

Cover

Table of Contents:
  • Front Cover
  • ANTICORROSIVE RUBBER LINING
  • Series Page
  • ANTICORROSIVE RUBBER LININGA: Practical Guide for Plastics Engineers
  • Copyright
  • Disclaimer
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • About the Author
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgment
  • Introduction
  • 1
  • Rubber-A Miracle Material
  • Rubber, an Elastic Concept
  • On Icy Roads and in Ablative Flame
  • In the Beginning
  • Saturation and Unsaturation
  • Hardening and Softening Degradations
  • Crosslinking
  • The Origin of Polymer Science
  • The Polymerization Process
  • Crystalline and Amorphous States
  • Development in Synthetic Rubbers
  • Vulcanization, Accelerators, and Nitric Acid
  • Rubber Compounding Technology
  • Range of Rubbers
  • Anticorrosive Rubber Lining Technology
  • References
  • 2
  • Rubber for Corrosion Protection
  • Types of Corrosion
  • Uniform Attack
  • Galvanic Corrosion
  • Crevice Corrosion
  • Pitting
  • Intergranular Corrosion
  • Selective Leaching
  • Erosion Corrosion
  • Stress Corrosion
  • Types of Rubber Lining Based on Rubbers
  • Corrosion in Industries
  • Fertilizer Industry
  • Power Plants
  • Treatment of Ores
  • Chlor-Alkali Industry
  • Mercury Cells in the Caustic Soda Industry
  • Membrane Technology
  • Flexible Cell Covers
  • Steel Industry
  • Transport Industry
  • Electro-Plating Industry
  • Fluorine Industries
  • Explosives Industry
  • Pulp and Paper Industry
  • Ore and Mining Industry
  • References
  • 3
  • Wear-Resistant Rubbers for Ore and Mining Industries
  • Wear Pattern
  • Conveyor System
  • Slurry Transportation
  • Wear-Resistant Polyurethane Rubber Sheeting
  • Slurry Specification
  • Future of Hydraulic Transportation of Solids
  • Resistance to Abrasion
  • Dry Abrasion
  • Wet Abrasion
  • References
  • 4
  • Chemical Resistance of Biopolymers
  • Research and Development in Biopolymers
  • Styrene-Soybean Polymer
  • Guayule Rubber
  • Biobutadiene Rubber.
  • Bio-PDO Polymer
  • Bioisoprene
  • Bio-EPDM
  • Biopolymers Versus Synthetic Polymers
  • Substitute for Fossil Fuels
  • Resistance to Chemicals
  • Soy Protein
  • Biodegradation, Compostability, and Recyclability [10]
  • Environmental Impacts-Carbon Neutrality
  • Future Outlook
  • Current Isoprene Technology Versus Green Isoprene Technology
  • References
  • 5
  • Corrosion Resistance of Fluoropolymers
  • The Difference Between FPM, FKM, and Viton
  • Chemical Resistance of Fluororubbers
  • Temperature Resistance
  • Blends With Other Polymers
  • Pharmaceutical Processing Equipment
  • Key Properties of PTFE
  • Thermal Stability
  • PTFE Paste Extrusion
  • Perfluoroalkoxy
  • Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene
  • Polyvinylidene Difluoride
  • PTFE- and PFA-Lined Pipe and Fittings
  • Expansion Bellows
  • Weathering and Ozone Resistance
  • Flame Retardance
  • Low-Temperature Resistance
  • Use in Vacuum
  • Gas Permeability
  • References
  • 6
  • Rubber Lining for Sea Water Systems
  • Design Considerations in a Sea Water Corrosion Protecting System
  • Epoxy Resin
  • Polyurethane Coating
  • Surface Preparation Methods
  • Specific Corrosion Protection Measures
  • Intake Water Tunnels
  • Trash Rack and Traveling Water Screens
  • Condenser Water Boxes
  • Condenser Tubes and Tube Sheets
  • Piping, Pumps, and Heat Exchangers
  • Field Observations
  • Corrosion-Resistant Materials for Sea Water-Based Systems in Nuclear Power Plants [1]
  • Reference
  • 7
  • Rubber Linings for Oilfield Equipment
  • Well Fluid
  • Completion Fluid
  • Stimulation Fluid
  • Explosive Decompression
  • Effect of Increasing Molecular Weight
  • References
  • 8
  • Curing Technology
  • Principles of Vulcanization
  • Different Methods of Vulcanization
  • Sulfur and Sulfurless Vulcanization
  • Vulcanization With Peroxides
  • Vulcanization Conditions
  • Effect of Thickness
  • Effect of Temperature on Curing Time.
  • Effects of Thermal Stability
  • Techniques of Vulcanization
  • Compression Molding
  • Transfer Molding
  • Injection Molding
  • Isostatic Molding
  • Open Cures
  • Continuous Vulcanization System
  • Cold Vulcanization
  • Cure With High-Energy Radiation
  • Optimum Cure
  • Tensile Strength
  • Modulus
  • Hardness
  • Control of Production Cures
  • Curing Time
  • Common Defects in Vulcanizates
  • Air Blisters
  • Tearing
  • Porosity
  • Debonding From Metal
  • Surface Scorching
  • References
  • 9
  • Rubber Lining for Nuclear Equipment
  • Radiation Environment and Upgradation of Rubber Compounds
  • Acceptance Criteria of Radiation-Resistant Rubber Compounds
  • Aging by Radiation and Heat
  • Rubber Lining of Tanks and Pipes
  • Recommendations for System Components in the Nuclear Plant
  • Polychloroprene Rubber
  • Teflon (Polytetrafluoroethylene)
  • Ethylene-Propylene-Diene-Monomer
  • Polyurethanes
  • Radiation Exposure
  • Water Absorption
  • Synergy Effects Between Radiation and Heat
  • Units of Radiation
  • Water Treatment Plant Installed in Nuclear Installations
  • Radiation Units
  • Selecting Elastomers for Nuclear Plant Applications
  • References
  • 10
  • Rubber Lining for a Sulfur Dioxide Scrubbing System
  • Sulfur Dioxide Corrosion and Atmospheric Pollution
  • Rubber Linings
  • Atmospheric Pollution
  • Methods of Fuel or Flue-Gas Purification
  • References
  • 11
  • Raw Materials for Rubber Lining Compounds
  • Introduction
  • Natural Rubber
  • Synthetic Rubbers
  • Polyisoprene Rubber
  • Polybutadiene Rubber
  • Butyl Rubber (Isobutylene Isoprene Rubber-IIR)
  • Ethylene-Propylene Rubber
  • Chloroprene Rubber (Neoprene)
  • Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Rubbers (Hypalon)
  • Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubbers (Nitrile)
  • Styrene-Butadiene Rubbers
  • Thermoplastic Elastomers
  • Applications
  • Vulcanizing and Curing Agents
  • Accelerators.
  • Materials for Reinforcement
  • Carbon Black
  • Nonblack Fillers
  • China Clay
  • Talc
  • Titanium Dioxide
  • Zinc Oxide
  • Lithopone
  • Litharge
  • Antimony Trioxide
  • Zinc Stearate
  • Plasticizers, Softeners, and Extenders
  • Peptizers
  • Process Oils
  • Paraffin Wax
  • Resins
  • Antioxidants and Antiozonants
  • Adhesives and Bonding Agents
  • Solvents
  • 12
  • Rubbers Mostly Used in Process Equipment Lining
  • Neoprene Rubber
  • Compounding Neoprene for Tank Lining
  • Hypalon Rubbers
  • Compounding Hypalon for Tank Lining
  • Butyl Rubber
  • Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer Rubber
  • Silicone Rubbers
  • Fluorocarbon Elastomers
  • Natural Rubber
  • Synthetic Ebonites
  • References
  • 13
  • Compounding Rubbers for Lining Applications
  • Design of Compound Formulations
  • Choice of Ingredients
  • Viscosity Control
  • Nerve Control
  • Sticking to the Mill Rollers
  • Sheeting
  • Tack
  • Scorching
  • Hardness and Modulus
  • Elasticity
  • Strength
  • Resistance to Tear
  • Resistance to Flex Cracking and Fatigue
  • Resistance to Heat
  • Resistance to Flame
  • Resistance to Gas Permeation
  • Bonding
  • Processing Characteristics
  • Mastication
  • Mixing
  • Calendering
  • Prevulcanized Sheet Winding (Prevulcanizing Plant)
  • Extrusion
  • Molding
  • Mold Material
  • Mold Dimension
  • Rind Cavities
  • Proportion
  • Silica and Carbon-Filled Butyl Rubber Vulcanizates
  • Compounding Elastomers of Low Cure Functionality
  • Class A
  • Class B
  • Chemical Reaction of Polymers
  • Resistance to Halogens
  • Resistance to Hydrogen Sulfide
  • Epoxidation by Hypochlorous Acid
  • Hydrochlorination of Rubbers
  • Heat Evolution During Vulcanization of Ebonites
  • References
  • 14
  • Technoeconomic Aspects of Nonrubber Linings-Glass, FRP, and Lead
  • Glass Lining
  • Historical
  • Development of Industrial Glass Lining
  • Manufacturing Process
  • Fabrication of Vessels.
  • Manufacture of Glass/Enamel
  • Application of the Enamel
  • Firing or Curing of Glass
  • Fitting
  • Furnace Designs
  • Precautions to be Taken With Glass-Lined Equipment
  • Industrial Applications of Glass-Lined Equipment
  • Corrosion Resistance
  • Flexibility
  • Purity
  • Ease of Cleaning
  • Economy
  • Absence of Catalytic Effect
  • Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Lining
  • Historical
  • FRP-A Potentially Advantageous Material
  • Resins Used in the Manufacturing Process
  • Application Techniques
  • Testing of FRP Lining
  • Lead Lining
  • Lead for Radiation Protection
  • Properties of Lead for Radiation Shielding
  • Attenuation of Neutron Particles
  • Other Factors
  • Lead Lining Application Procedure
  • Design of Vessels and Equipment
  • Cladding
  • Sheet Linings
  • Homogeneous Linings
  • Thickness of Linings
  • Factors Affecting Design of Lining
  • Lead Burning
  • Adhesion Test
  • References
  • 15
  • Manufacturing Rubber Sheets and Application Procedures
  • Mastication
  • Sheeting
  • Rubber Lining
  • Role of Impurities
  • Working Temperature
  • Lining Thickness
  • Design and Fabrication of Lining Supports
  • Adhesive Coating
  • Application of Calendered Sheet
  • Autoclave Vulcanization
  • Inspection
  • Adhesive Manufacture
  • Rubber Lining of Large Storage Tanks
  • Sheet Dimension
  • Sheet Laying and Rolling
  • Procedure of Tank Inspection Before Lining
  • Rubber Lining of Pipes
  • Storage of Rubber-Lined Pipes
  • Surface Preparation for Rubber Lining
  • Methods of Surface Preparation
  • Waterblasting
  • References
  • 16
  • Adhesive Formulations for Rubber-to-Metal Bonding Systems
  • Adhesive Criteria
  • Elastomer Criteria
  • Curing Process Effects
  • Chemical-Bonding Technique
  • Facts of a Rubber/Metal Bond
  • Selection of Bonding Agent
  • Substrate
  • The Bonding Process
  • Application of Bonding Agents
  • Compounding of Rubber.

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