http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Applications of seismic anisotropy in the oil and gas industry
1 online resource (171 pages) : illustrations (chiefly color)
This book explains how geophysicists in the energy industry measure, interpret, and use seismic anisotropy. The book is designed for geophysicists who want to enhance their understanding of the subsurface and learn about modern techniques for extracting more information from seismic data. --
1. Definitions and examples: Simple examples ; Definition of seismic anisotropy ; Seismic examples ; Physical causes of seismic anisotropy -- 2. Plane waves: Strain, stress and the equation of motion ; Hooke's Law ; Symmetry classes ; Christoffel equation -- 3. Rays and traveltimes: High-frequency asymptotics of seismic wavefields ; Ray-tracing equations and techniques ; Examples -- 4. Thomsen parameters: Phase and group velocities in VTI media ; Thomsen notation ; Extensions of Thomsen parameterization -- 5. Normal moveout: NMO velocity in a single VTI layer ; Anisotropic Dix equation ; NMO ellipse ; 3D Dix equation -- 6. Nonhyperbolic moveout: NH moveout of P-waves in a single VTI layer ; NH moveout in stratified VTI media ; Azimuthal variation of quartic moveout ; Layered orthorhombic media -- 7. Anisotropy estimation from VSP data: Laterally homogeneous overburden ; Laterally heterogeneous overburden -- 8. Fracture characterization: Effective media theories ; Comparison of theoretical predictions ; Numerical modeling of effective elasticity ; Governing parameters for vertical cracks ; Seismic characterization of multiple fracture sets -- 9. Bibliography.
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Includes bibliographical references (pages 159-171).