Elimination of micro-organisms by drinking water treatment processes : a review

• Main Author: Hijnen, W. A. M. 1956-
• Corporate Author: KWR Watercycle Research Institute
• Other Authors: Medema, G. J.
• Format: Electronic eBook
• Language: English
• Published: London [England] : IWA Publishing, 2010.
• Series: KWR Watercycle Research Institute series.
• Subjects: Drinking water > Microbiology > Netherlands.; Water > Purification > Netherlands.; Drinking water > Purification > Netherlands.; elektronické knihy; electronic books
• ISBN: 9781780401584; 1780401582; 9781680155778; 1680155776; 1843393735; 9781843393733
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (114 pages) : illustrations

The overall aim of this book is to present default values for the micro-organisms elimination or inactivation credit of universally used processes in water treatment (MEC or MIC). The growing interest in Quantitative Microbial Risk assessment (QMRA) for safe drinking water requires such data. These...

Table of Contents:

• Cover; Copyright; Contents; Preface; 1. Introduction; 2. Data collection and evaluation methods; 2.1 Qualification of the reviewed literature data; 2.1.1 The quality of the study; 2.1.2 Physical processes; 2.1.3 Disinfection processes: UV; 2.2 Calculation of MEC and MIC; 2.2.1 Physical processes; 2.2.2 Disinfection UV; 2.3 Process conditions; 2.3.1 Physical processes; 2.3.2 Disinfection UV; 2.4 Presentation of the results; 2.4.1 Detailed information; 2.4.2 Chapters and paragraphs; 2.4.3 Overall matrix; 3. Conventional treatment; 3.1 Viruses; 3.2 Bacteria and bacterial spores.
• 3.3 Cryptosporidium and Giardia3.4 Discussion; 3.4.1 Process conditions; 3.4.1.1 Effect of coagulation conditions; 3.4.1.2 Effect of filtration conditions; 3.4.2 FS-index and variation; 3.4.3 Surrogates for conventional treatment; 3.5 Conclusions and further research; 4. Coagulation and flocculation; 4.1 Viruses; 4.2 Bacteria and bacterial spores; 4.3 Cryptosporidium and Giardia; 4.4 Discussion; 4.4.1 Process conditions; 4.4.1.1 Chemicals; 4.4.1.2 Water quality; 4.4.1.3 Flocculation; 4.4.1.4 Multi regression analysis; 4.4.2 FS-index and variation; 4.4.3 Surrogates for coagulation/flocculation.
• 4.5 Conclusions and further research5. Rapid granular filtration; 5.1 Viruses; 5.2 Bacteria and bacterial spores; 5.3 Cryptosporidium and Giardia; 5.4 Discussion; 5.4.1 Factors related to straining; 5.4.2 Factors related to attachment; 5.4.2.1 Surface properties and electrostatic interactions; 5.4.2.2 Contact time; 5.4.3 Factors related to detachment: hydraulic conditions; 5.4.3.1 Filtration rate; 5.4.3.2 Filter media, preferential flow and back wash effect; 5.4.4 Effects of coagulation conditions; 5.5 Surrogates for pathogen removal by RGF; 5.6 Conclusions and further research.
• 6. Slow sand filtration6.1 Viruses; 6.2 Bacteria and bacterial spores; 6.3 Cryptosporidium and Giardia; 6.4 Discussion; 6.4.1 MEC of the different micro-organisms and process conditions; 6.4.2 Surrogates for pathogen removal in slow sand filtration; 6.5 Conclusions; 7. Disinfection processes; 7.1 UV-disinfection; 7.1.1 Viruses and bacteriophages; 7.1.2 Bacteria and bacterial spores; 7.1.3 Pathogenic protozoa; 7.1.4 Discussion; 7.1.5 General discussion; 7.1.6 Conclusions and further research; 8. Overall MEC-matrix for drinking water processes and further research; 8.1 Physical processes.
• 8.2 Disinfection processes8.2.1 UV-disinfection: required UV-fluence; 9. Literature; 9.1 Introduction and data collection and evaluation methods; 9.2 Data collection and evaluation methods; 9.3 Conventional treatment; 9.4 Coagulation flocculation; 9.5 Rapid granular filtration; 9.6 Slow sand filtration; 9.7 UV-disinfection.