Thermal infrared characterization of ground targets and backgrounds

This new edition updates the technologies that deal with the characterization of the thermal infrared radiation contrast between ground targets and backgrounds. Samples have been updated to comply with the current status of technology in sensor systems and countermeasures. New topics on mine detecti...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author Jacobs, Pieter A.
Format Electronic eBook
LanguageEnglish
Published Bellingham, Wash. : SPIE, ©2006.
Edition2nd ed.
SeriesTutorial texts in optical engineering ; v. TT 70.
Subjects
Infrared detectors.
Target acquisition.
Heat > Radiation and absorption.
elektronické knihy
electronic books
Online AccessFull text
ISBN9781615837144
1615837140
9780819481160
0819481165
9780819460820
0819421804
9780819421807
9780819421804
Physical Description1 online resource (xv, 183 pages) : illustrations (some color)

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Table of Contents:
  • Introduction
  • 1. Sensor systems
  • 1.1. Active sensor systems
  • 1.2. Passive sensor systems
  • 1.3. Active versus passive sensor systems
  • References
  • 2. Radiation terminology and units
  • 2.1. Definitions and spatial relationships. 2.1.1. Blackbody radiation; 2.1.2. Blackbody spectral emittance: Planck's radiation law; 2.1.3. Wein displacement law; 2.1.4. Stefan-Boltzmann law; 2.1.5. Gray bodies
  • 2.2. Intrinsic radiation terms
  • 2.3. Atmospheric Propagation
  • 2.4. Range-dependent radiation terms
  • 2.5. Target-to-background contrast
  • References
  • 3. Introduction to target detection
  • 3.1. IR detection process. 3.1.1. Target-to-background radiation contrast; 3.1.2. Attenuation processes; 3.1.3. IR systems; 3.1.4. Detection system
  • 3.2. Point target detection
  • 3.3. Extended target
  • 3.4. Signature variations
  • 3.5. Thermal contrast considerations
  • References.
  • 4. Theory of heat and mass transfer
  • 4.1. Surface-atmospheric boundary layer
  • 4.2. Heat and mass transfer
  • 4.3. The heat-balance equation .4.3.1. Solar heating; 4.3.2. Long-wave radiation exchange; 4.3.3. Surface emittance Es; 4.3.4. Convective heat exchange Qc; 4.3.5. Heat exchange by evaporation/condensation Qec
  • 4.4. First principles modeling. 4.4.1. Model definition; 4.4.2. Sensitivity analysis; 4.4.3. Pros and cons
  • References
  • 5. Meteorological and atmospheric parameters
  • 5.1. Meteorological sensors and measurements
  • 5.2. SCORPIO infrared sky radiance distribution
  • References
  • 6. Infrared calibration procedures
  • 6.1. Calibration methodology
  • 6.2. Calibration parameters
  • 6.3. Calibration procedures guidelines. 6.3.1. Blackbodies and target in the same image; 6.3.2. Blackbodies and target at different ranges; 6.3.3. Blackbodies and target in different images
  • 6.4. Practical example
  • References.
  • 7. Infrared signature characterization
  • 7.1. Target signatures. 7.1.1. Field measurement of the long wave reflection coefficient; 7.1.2. Measurement of thermal target signatures in the field; 7.1.3. IR target modeling
  • 7.2. IR background characterization. 7.2.1. Field measurement of the shortwave reflection coefficient; 7.2.2. Measurement of background apparent temperatures
  • 7.3. Background temperature statistics. 7.3.1. Background temperature distributions; 7.3.2. Statistical temperature differences between 3-5 mm and 8-12 mm; 7.3.3. Background temperature curve fitting; 7.3.4. Pros and cons
  • References
  • 8. Signature management
  • 8.1. Target and background signature analysis
  • 8.2. Thermal signatures of materials
  • 8.3. Mobile camouflage systems
  • 8.4. Thermal camouflage of personnel
  • References
  • Index.

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