http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
This book covers the theoretical background and experimental methods for engineers and physicist to be able to design, fabricate and characterize terahertz devices using metamaterials. Devices utilize mainstream semiconductor foundry processes to make them for communication and imaging applications. This book will provide engineers and physicists a comprehensive reference to construct such devices with general background in circuits and electromagnetics. The authors describe the design and construction of electromagnetic (EM) devices for terahertz frequencies (108-1010cycles/sec) by embedding solid state electronic devices into artificial metamaterials where each unit cell is only a fraction of the wavelength of the incident EM wave. The net effect is an electronically tunable bulk properties with effective electric (permittivity) and magnetic (permeability) that can be utilized to make novel devices to fill the terahertz gap.
Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Towards Closing the ``Terahertz Gap''; 1.1.1 Why Is the ``Terahertz Gap'' Interesting; 1.1.1.1 Continuous-Wave Terahertz System for Inspection Applications; 1.1.1.2 Giga-Bit Wireless Link Using 300-400GHz Bands; 1.1.2 A Brief History of Terahertz Technologies; 1.2 Introduction to Metamaterials; 1.2.1 A Brief History; 1.2.2 Overview of Metamaterials; 1.2.2.1 Magnetic Split-Ring Resonator (SRR); 1.2.2.2 Electrically Coupled LC Resonator (ELC); 1.2.3 Metamaterials: A Suitable Technology for Terahertz Devices.
1.2.3.1 Brief Overview of Metamaterial Based Terahertz Devices1.3 Overview of Terahertz Wave Modulators; References; 2 Background Theory; 2.1 Plane Waves in a Nonconducting Medium; 2.1.1 Negative Refractive Index; 2.1.2 Propagation of Waves in Left-Handed Material; 2.1.3 Propagation of Waves in Single Negative Medium; 2.2 Dispersion in Nonconductors; 2.2.1 Lorentz Oscillator Model for Permitivity; 2.2.2 Anomalous Dispersion and Resonant Absorption; 2.3 Metamaterial as a Modulator; References; 3 Experimental Methods; 3.1 Electromagnetic Modeling and Simulations of Metamaterials.
3.1.1 Boundary and Symmetry Conditions3.1.2 Homogenous Parameter Extraction; 3.2 Design for Fabrication in Foundry Processes; 3.2.1 Typical 45nm CMOS Process; 3.2.2 Physical Properties of Metal and Dielectrics at Optical Frequencies; 3.2.3 Case Studies; 3.2.3.1 Single Layer Metamaterial Operating at 100m Wavelength; 3.2.3.2 Multi-Layer Metamaterial Design; 3.3 Test and Characterization; 3.3.1 Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS); 3.3.1.1 Terahertz Time-Domain Spectrometer; 3.3.1.2 Laser Sources; 3.3.1.3 THz Transmitters and Detectors; 3.3.1.4 Bandwidth Limitation of THz Detectors.
3.3.1.5 Collimating and Focusing Optics3.3.1.6 Lock-In Detection; 3.3.1.7 Terahertz Time-Domain Data Analysis; 3.3.2 Continuous-Wave (cw) Terahertz Spectroscopy; 3.3.2.1 A Continuous-Wave Terahertz (cw-THz) Spectrometer; 3.3.2.2 Laser Sources; 3.3.2.3 THz Transmitters and Detectors; 3.3.2.4 Data Analysis; 3.3.3 Optical Alignment of Off-Axis Parabolic Mirrors; 3.3.3.1 Alignment Procedure; 3.3.3.2 Vertical Alignment; 3.3.3.3 Horizontal Alignment; References; 4 High-Speed Terahertz Modulation Using Active Metamaterial; 4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Design Principle of the HEMT Controlled MetamaterialModulator4.2.1 Circuit Model for the Electric-Coupled LC(ELC) Resonator; 4.2.2 Principle of Voltage Controlled Terahertz WaveModulator; 4.3 Design and Fabrication; 4.4 Experimental Setup; 4.5 Results and Discussion; 4.5.1 THz Transmission with DC-Biased HEMT; 4.5.2 Computational Investigation; 4.5.3 High Frequency THz Modulation; References; 5 A Terahertz Spatial Light Modulator for Imaging Application; 5.1 Introduction to Single-Pixel Imaging; 5.1.1 A Brief Historical Perspective; 5.1.2 Imaging Theory.
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