Ecosystems and living resources of the Baltic Sea : their assessment and management

• Main Author: Ojaveer, E. (Author)
• Format: Electronic eBook
• Language: English
• Published: Cham, Switzerland : Springer, 2017.
• Subjects: Ecosystem management > Baltic Sea.; Atlantic Ocean > Baltic Sea.; elektronické knihy; electronic books
• ISBN: 9783319530109; 9783319530093
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (xi, 291 pages) : illustrations (some color), maps

This volume presents a reconstruction of the formation of the environmental conditions and biota in the present-day Baltic Sea area during the last glacial cycle and thereafter under the influence of extra-terrestrial, climatic and geological factors. Abiotic conditions in the contemporary Baltic Se...

Table of Contents:

• Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Evolution of the Baltic Sea; 1.1 Development of the Baltic Sea After the Last Ice Age; 1.2 Formation of Biota in the Baltic Sea; References; Chapter 2: Abiotic Conditions in the Contemporary Baltic Sea; 2.1 Water Balance; 2.2 Water Salinity; 2.2.1 The Role of Currents; 2.2.2 Vertical Mixing of Water Layers; 2.3 Water Temperature; 2.4 Oxygen Conditions; 2.5 Light Conditions; 2.6 Natural Regional System of the Baltic Sea; 2.6.1 Macro-regions; 2.6.2 Regions and Subregions; References; Chapter 3: Life in the Baltic Sea.
• 3.1 Salinity-Induced Ecophysiological Problems of Organisms in the Baltic Sea3.2 Multitude of Ecosystems; 3.3 Living Organisms; 3.4 Vegetation and Primary Production; 3.5 Bottom Vegetation; 3.6 Heterotrophic Microorganisms; 3.7 Zooplankton; 3.8 Zoobenthos; 3.9 Fish; 3.9.1 Marine Pelagic Fish; 3.9.1.1 Baltic Herring Clupea harengus membras L.; 3.9.1.2 Spring Spawning Herring Clupea harengus membras L.; 3.9.1.3 Autumn Spawning Herring Clupea harengus membras L.; 3.9.1.4 Baltic Sprat Sprattus sprattus balticus (Schn.); 3.9.2 Marine Demersal Fish; 3.9.2.1 Baltic Cod Gadus morhua callarias (L.).
• 3.9.2.2 Flounder Platichthys flesus trachurus (Duncker)3.9.2.3 Plaice Pleuronectes platessa L.; 3.9.2.4 Dab Limanda limanda (L.); 3.9.2.5 Turbot Psetta maxima (L.); 3.9.3 Diadromous Fish; 3.9.3.1 Salmon Salmo salar L.; 3.9.3.2 Sea Trout Salmo trutta L.; 3.9.3.3 European Whitefish Coregonus lavaretus (L.) s. l.; 3.9.3.4 Vendace Coregonus albula (L.); 3.9.3.5 Eel Anguilla anguilla (L.); 3.9.3.6 Garfish Belone belone (L.); 3.9.3.7 River Lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis (L.); 3.9.4 Freshwater Fish; 3.9.4.1 Perch Perca fluviatilis L.; 3.9.4.2 Pikeperch Sander lucioperca (L).
• 3.9.4.3 Pike Esox lucius L.3.9.5 Relict Fish Species; 3.9.5.1 Smelt Osmerus eperlanus eperlanus (L.); 3.9.5.2 Eelpout Zoarces viviparus (L.); 3.9.5.3 Lumpsucker Cyclopterus lumpus L.; 3.9.5.4 Fourhorned Sculpin Triglopsis quadricornis (L.); 3.10 Marine Birds; 3.11 Marine Mammals; References; Chapter 4: Recent Dynamics of the Environment and Biota; 4.1 Changes in the Environment and Biota Induced by Natural Conditions; 4.1.1 Salinity; 4.1.2 Temperature; 4.1.3 Interactions of Fish Species; 4.2 Changes Caused by Anthropogenic Impacts; 4.2.1 Eutrophication; 4.2.2 Toxic Pollution.
• 4.2.3 Influences Related to the Storage of Dangerous Substances4.2.4 Other Impacts of Human Activity; 4.3 Immigration into the Contemporary Baltic Sea; References; Chapter 5: Assessment and Management of Ecosystems and Living Resources in the Baltic Sea; 5.1 Composition and Exploitation of Living Resources in the Baltic Sea; 5.2 Main Goals of the Management of Ecosystems and Living Resources; 5.3 Basic Principles in the Assessment and Management of Ecosystems and Living Resources; 5.3.1 Assessments and Management Recommendations; 5.4 Assessment of Existing Fish Resources of the Baltic Sea.